VERTS 6 - Primates, Hominid Evolution, CNS

Primates (ancestor, traits)

arboreal ancestory

grasping limbs w opposable thumbs

forward facing eyes (depth perception)

big cerebrum

highly social

Two major groups of primates

prosmians and anthropiods

Prosimians

mostly arboreal, nocturnal

once on all contents, now just madagascar/africa/SE asia

many threatened species

Lemurs signifigance

have radiated in madagascar some aren’t noctural (diurnal)

Tarsiers

early on prosimians branch

small, largest eyes

entirerly carnivorous

Anthropoids

monophyletic group

new world - prehensil tail and flat nose (went to south america after continent splitting (rafted)

old world

Gibbons vs Orangutangs vs African Apes common and dif traits

all lack tails

gibbons - smaller than apes, arboreal

orangutangs - too big go down to ground to go between trees

african apes - chimps/gorillas/hominids

First two species of Hominids (before the HOMOS)

Ardipithecus Ramidus - walked upright, had big toe for tree grasping

Austraalopithecus - more mobile and did a lot of walking … spread across africa…begin to look more like humans…LUCY fossil exists

4 Homo species before sapiens and Denisovians

Homohabilus - handy! made tools

Homoerectus - same size as humans with smaller brain…first to use FIRE

Homoneandrithalensis - made art! discovered in germany and had moved across world before homosapiens did…when we did some interbreeding happened…def interacted

Homoflorsiensis - tiny people mixed w denisovians *we dont have their DNA

Denisovians (from russia) - another intellectual group…humans from Tibet and south of wallace line interbred with them

Mammalian Nervous System consists of…

CNS (brain and spinal cord) and PNS (system of nerves)

4 Lobes of Cerebrum

frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal

Cerebral Cortex

brains gray matter responsible for higher functions

penfield mapped out which part of brain corresponds to place of sensation in body with siezure patients

Frontal Lobe

personality? finneus gage who got stabbed

Temporal Lobe

memory of people - jen aniston test of cell per person

Limbic System (consists of and func)

amygdala (codes for sound props), hippocampus, nucleus accumbens

responsible for basic psyc drives

‘pleasure and pain’ centers

emotions, memory, behavior, and the body's basic internal balance

Hippocampus

memory formation - taxi driver thing