CH 4 Notes

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Last updated 2:28 AM on 6/3/24
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16 Terms

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Gene

Section of DNA on a chromosome that carries the code for a protein

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Nitrogenous Base

Makes DNA and RNA with its nitrogen ring(s) and forms hydrogen bonds between strands of the double helix

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Base Pair

Two nitrogenous bases connected with a hydrogen bond

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Phosphodiester Bond

Bond that links sugars and phosphates of adjacent nucleotides

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Hydrogen Bond

Weak bond that holds the DNA together

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Purine

Nitrogenous base with 2 rings

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Pyrimidine

Nitrogenous base with 1 ring

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Lysis

The rupture of cells that causes the release of DNA

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R plasmid

Plasmid that contains a gene for antibiotic resistance

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RNA polymerase

Enzyme that builds RNA strands from DNA strands

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Enhancer

Increases expression of a gene (transcription factor)

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Silencer

Decreases expression of a gene (transcription factor)

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Intron

mRNA gene region that is transcribed but not expressed

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Exon

Gene region that codes for a protein and is expressed

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Gene therapy

Repairing genes to solve a genetic problem

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Site Specific Mutagenesis

Changing genetic code in certain (site-specific) areas