Imperialism - History

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Why couldn’t Europeans reach the main area of Africa?
Challenging geography, African tribes resisted them, disease,
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Steam boat
Made it easier to move around the rivers
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Quinine
anti-malaria drug
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Maxim Gun
Widely produced machine guns that got rid of the African tribes.
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David Livingstone
Traveled to Africa as a missionary; called Africa his home once he stopped writing letters to England
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Henry Stanley
Journalist who explored Africa in hopes to find what happened to David Livingstone
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“Dr. Livingstone, I presume?”
First words that Henry Stanley told to David Livingstone
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King Leopold II of Belium’s motives
find raw material in Africa, bring them back to Europe to manufacture
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Rubber
Popular raw material from Africa that natives were forced to process.
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Charles Darwin
came up with darwinism: natural selection; survival of the fittest in nature
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Herbert Spencer
took darwin’s idea and applied it to humans: Social Darwinism
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Social Darwinism
Nations have certain traits that make them more powerful in society. Other small nations have those traits to make themselves powerful. depended on competition.
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Berlin conference
big meeting between 14 European countries about how to divide up Africa
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How did these nations evenly split land?
Anyone that wanted land was to let someone know, then just take it.
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What were 2 things that Europe liked about Africa
good raw materials and cash crops (mainly rubber)
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Zulus
main dominant tribe in South Africa
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Shaka
Leader of Zulus
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Boers
netherlands farmers
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Great Trek
Boers were taken off their land by the british force and into a northern location
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Cecil Rhodes
Made a railroad from the cape of Africa to the north fpr transportation.
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Which country wanted to take over East Africa?
Germany
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Maji Tree
A tree that produced sesame oil
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Why did the Maji-Maji rebellion’s start?
 the abuse of the Germans + the taxing of sesame oil
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Why did the leader from the Maji-Maji rebellion tell his soldiers to drink the potion?
The potion allows the person to be impervious and make the water turn into bullets
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Who was trying to take over Ethiopia
Italians
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The Adowa War
When the king of Africa, Menelik II, signed a treaty for permission to the Italians to conquer, he got mad because he didn’t understand what the treaty was saying and attacked.
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The negatives of Imperialism in Africa
 Lots of lives were taken, cultures were taken, resources were stolen, racism was widely spread, they made the borders not thinking of each tribe, diseases were spread(smallpox), unnecessary cash crops were being grown(less actual edible food were able to produce).
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Positives if Imperialism in Africa
reduced local warfare(true, but not fair), europeans came in and built schools and hospitals(increased lifespan and literacy rates), economics expanded because of the materials from Africa, lots of railroads, dams, and telegraph lines. 
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Name of the Indian colonies
The jewel in the crown
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 Seopys
Indian soldiers that fight for Britain
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Common raw material in India
Opium
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Opium
from poppy flowers; used as pain relief; was traded to china for tea
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Why did Sepoys rebel?
The rifle cartridges were surrounded by pork and beef fat in order to keep it water proof. Hindus and muslims disliked this because it goes against their religion.
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Guangzhou
Main port for trading in China
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WHat was china interested in trading?
Opium
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Why was opium banned?
Them brits exploited and used it for some darn drugs
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Opium war
Began because Queen Victoria did not agree to ban opium in England; fought mostly in water
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Who won the opium war? Why?
British easily won because of their modern steamboats, compared to China’s wooden ones. They got Hong Kong
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Taiping Rebellion
an attempt to make sure everyone was equal and get rid of poverty, not a long term success.
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Self-Strengthening movement
In China, they didn’t rely on any other counties to improve itself
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Sphere of Influence
when a foreign nation dominates trade and economic investment
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Open Door Policy
anyone can trade in with china; the US came up with this idea because they wanted to trade there
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What did the Open Door Policy do to China
 freed them from colonization, but at the same time they weren’t free from foreign influence
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Boxer Rebellion
People were angry about too much foreign influence and the empress Cixi😡, so they try fighting back
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Which country did China attempt to “copy”
Japan
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Matthew Perry
Commodore who sails to japan to let their leader that President Millard wanted to open trading ports there.
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Mitsuhito
changed Japan by industrializing it after it was seen as an “non prideful” country
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Sino-Japanese War
Japan vs. China; they fight to see who has more control/influence over Korea;
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What plantation in Cuba was perfect to grow due to its climate?
Sugar Cane
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Jose Marti
An immigrant from Cuba that went to NYC to spread the idea of independent Cuba
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Who was William Randolph Hearst and

Joseph Pulitzer
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