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Push Factor
A condition that drives people from their homeland
Pull Factor
A condition that attracts people to move to a new area
Acculturation
The process of holding on to old traditions while adapting to a new culture
Immigrant
A person who enters another country in order to settle there
Muckraker
A journalist who exposed corruption and bad business practices in the late 1800s and early 1900s
Monopoly
A company or group having control of all or nearly all of the business of an industry
Progressive
An early 20th-century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, restore economic opportunities, and correct injustices in American life
Chinese Exclusion Act
1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the U.S.
Nativist
An American who sought to limit immigration and preserve the country for native-born, white Protestants
Tenement
A small apartment in a city slum building
Strike
The refusal by workers to do their jobs until their demands are met
Trade Union
An association of workers in a specific trade or line of work formed to gain higher wages and better working conditions
Triangle Fire
Fire in 1911 at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in NYC that killed nearly 150 workers
Sweatshop
A workplace where people labor long hours in poor conditions for low pay
Capitalism
An economic system based on private ownership of property, a market economy, and the goal of making a profit
Scarcity
A shortage, lack, or insufficient supply
Moving Assembly Line
Method of production in which workers stay in one place as products pass along a track or moving belt
Urbanization
The movement of population from farms to cities
Federal Reserve Act
1913 law that set up the Federal Reserve System to regulate the nation's financial sector
Referendum
A process by which people vote directly on a bill
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
A government agency created in 1914 to ensure fair competition
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
An organization founded in 1909 to work toward equal rights for African Americans
Vaudeville
A type of variety show popular in the late 1800s that included comedians, song and dance routines, and acrobats
Yellow Journalism
A type of news reporting, often biased or untrue, that relies on sensational stories and headlines
Realist
A writer or artist who aims to show life as it really is
Suffrage
The right to vote
Conservation
The protection of natural resources
Inflation
A rise in prices and a decrease in the value of money
Vigilante
A self-appointed enforcer of the law
Transcontinental Railroad
A railroad that stretches across a continent from coast to coast
Exploit
Make full use of and derive benefit from a resource
Social Reform
An organized attempt to improve what is unjust or imperfect in society
Trust
A group of corporations run by a single board of directors