10A

First Civil War

The conflict in England from 1642-46 involving the struggle between the 'Crown' and 'Parliament', with complex divisions of support among MPs and across the country.

Royalists

Supporters of King Charles I during the First Civil War, including figures like Prince Rupert of the Rhine and the Earl of Newcastle.

Parliamentarians

Supporters of the English Parliament during the First Civil War, including groups like the London Trained Bands and the Eastern Association.

Solemn League and Covenant

A treaty between the English Parliament and Scottish Covenanters in 1643 to uphold the Protestant faith, leading to joint military actions against the Royalists.

Civil War in Scotland

Conflict involving the Covenanters and Royalists, with key events like the Battle of Marston Moor and the rise of the Earl of Montrose.

Civil War in Ireland

Beginning with the Irish Rebellion in 1641, involving the Catholic Confederation, Royal Irish Army led by James Butler, and the impact of Irish troops on the Royalist cause.