Discovery of DNA

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10 Terms

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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that determines an organism’s characteristics.
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Transformation
The process where genetic material from one organism alters another.
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Griffith’s Experiment
A study that demonstrated that something in heat-killed S strain transformed the R strain into a deadly form.
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S strain
A virulent bacterial strain used in Griffith’s experiment.
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R strain
A non-virulent bacterial strain used in Griffith’s experiment.
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Avery-MacLeod-McCarty Experiment
An experiment that identified DNA as the transforming factor through inactivation of proteins and RNA.
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Bacteriophages
Viruses that infect bacteria, used in the Hershey-Chase experiment to demonstrate DNA carries genetic information.
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Hershey-Chase Experiment
An experiment that confirmed that DNA, not proteins, carries genetic information by using labeled bacteriophages.
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Scientific skepticism
Doubts expressed initially regarding DNA’s role as genetic material due to its simplicity.
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Key Takeaway from Hershey-Chase Experiment
Confirmed that DNA carries genetic information, sealing the conclusion of its role as genetic material.