dental materials key terms

alloy

the combo of two or more metallic elements with eachother when in fluid state

ceramic

clay type of material that is hard, brittle and heat corrosive resistant

coupling agent

additive to a substance that provides a chemical bond between two dissimilar materials

dual cured

light cure and auto cure properties

filler

inorganic material that adds strength and other characteristics to comp. resins

galvanic

an electrical current that takes place when two different or dissimilar metals come together

malleability

ability of a material to withstand permanent distortion under compressive stress without sustaining perm. damage

matrix

foundation that binds a substance together

palladium

soft, steel-white , tarnish resistant metal that occurs naturally with platinum

percolation

process of a liquid substance passing through a porous substance like a filter

paltinum

silver white metal that does not corrode in air

porcelain

hard white translucent material made by baking then glazing to match a tooth

retention

the act of holding something

strain

distortion of change as a result of stress

stress

internal reaction or resistance to an externally applied force

viscosity

physical property of fluids that are thick or semi fluid

dissipate

to cause something to break up and gradually disappear

exothermic

chemical reaction that releases energy or heat

luting agent

cement type substance used to seal or join a surface

provisional

temporary coverage

retard

to slow down a process

agar

gelatin type of material derived from seaweed used as a thickener

base

foundation or basic ingredient of a material

catalyst

substance that modifies or increases the rate of chemical reaction

colloid

suspension of particles in a dispersion medium such as water (sol and gel)

elastomeric

having elastic properties from rubber

hydro

water

hysteresis

change in temp that causes a reversible hydrocolloid material to transform from one physical state to another

imbition

absorption of water causing an object to swell

syneresis

loss of water causing something to shrink

tempering

bringing material to desired consistency

viscous, viscocity

property of fluid related to resistance to flow

anatomic portion

structural portion of a dental model created from alginate imp.

die

accurate replica of the prepared portion of a tooth used in the lab for fabrication of a cast resto

dihydrate

related to gypsum, indicating two parts water one part calcium sulfate

dimensionally stable

material that retains its original dimension when subjected to a change in temp and humidity

face bow

portion of articulator used to transfer the relationship of the max arch and tmj to a dental cast

gypsum

calcium sulfate dihydrate, used in formation of plaster of paris and dental stone

hemihydrate

when gypsum is heated it loses water and converts to calcium sulfate, forming powder product of gypsum

homogenous

uniform quality and consistency throughout

monomer

molecule that when combined with other molecules, forms a polymer

nuclei crystallization

process in the setting of dental stone and plaster in which a cluster of crystals interlink, giving strength and rigidity

polymer

chemical compound consisting of like units bonded together

volatile

substance that can evaporate easily and is very explosive