DNA

What does DNA stand for

Stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

Nucleotide

Repeating unit that makes up DNA; consists of a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.

Structure of DNA (backbone)

Consists of 2 strands. Each strand consists of nucleotides (alternating phosphate and deoxyribose sugar molecules). One strand has many millions of nucleotides. 2 strands twisted into a double helix shape.

Structure of DNA (Rungs)

Made up of bases -Cytosine -Thymine -Adenine -Guanine. Adenine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with Guanine.

Gene

A specific part of DNA that contains the code for producing a particular protein.

Chromosome

Structure made from DNA tightly coiled around proteins.

DNA

Molecule made up of sugar, phosphate and bases. Contains the instructions for making proteins within a cell.

How are base pairs held together

Hydrogen bonds, they are weak but there are millions of them in a single molecule of DNA.