DNA

What does DNA stand for: Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DNA: Molecule made up of sugar, phosphate and bases. Contains the instructions for making proteins within a cell.

Nucleotide: Repeating unit which make up DNA molecule. Consists of 3 parts -phosphate -deoxyribose sugar -nitrogenous base

Structure of DNA (back bone): Consists of 2 strands. Each strand consists of nucleotides (alternating phosphate and deoxyribose sugar molecules). One strand has many millions of nucleotides. 2 strands twisted into a double helix shape.

Structure of DNA (Rungs): Made up of bases -Cytosine -Thymine -Adenine -Guanine. Adenine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with Guanine.

How are base pairs held together: Hydrogen bonds, they are weak but there are millions of them in a single molecule of DNA.

Gene: A specific part of DNA that contains the code for producing a particular protein.

Chromosome: Structure made from DNA tightly coiled around proteins.