350 Week 1 Acoustic Phonetics and Sound Wave Mechanics
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26 Terms
Pure tone
Has only one frequency component
Displayed as sine wave
Frequency
The number of cycles (vibrations) completed in one second
A cycle is one complete wave oscillation
Measured in hertz (Hz)
Amplitude
Extent of the motion (think Y axis)
Related to loudness
Period
Elasticity
Restoring force that returns back to rest position after displacement
Inertia
Tendency for motion or lack of motion to continue
Velocity
The speed of an object
Highest at zero crossings
Acceleration
The rate of change in velocity
Inverse relationship with velocity
Damping
Decrease in the amplitude of displacement overtime
Loss of energy as sound waves propagate through a medium due to friction
Compression
A region in a sound wave where particles are close together, resulting in increased pressure.
Rarefaction
A region in a sound wave where particles are far apart, resulting in decreased pressure.
Calculating period
Calculating frequency
Calculating wavelength
Phase
Complex tone
A sound wave consisting of multiple frequencies that combine to form a complex sound, typically containing a fundamental frequency and its harmonics.
Not sine wave
Human speech is complex sounds
Speech signal
Fundamental frequency
The lowest frequency of a periodic wave
Representing the pitch of the sound, and determines the musical note produced. It serves as the primary component of a complex tone.
Harmonics
Waveform and spectrum of pure tone
Waveform and spectrum of complex tone
Spectrum
A representation of the frequencies present in a sound wave, showing the amplitude of all the frequency components.
Y axis: amplitude
X axis: frequency
Aperiodic complex wave
A sound wave that does not repeat periodically, characterized by a non-repetitive waveform and lacks a definite pitch.
Periodic complex tone
A sound wave that repeats at regular intervals, consisting of multiple frequencies typically harmonically related, producing a definite pitch.