Global History II - Regents Review Vocab Topic 5 & 6

Imperialism

a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially

Old Imperialism

the time period, from the 1400s until the 1600s, in which European powers set out to explore, conquer, and establish colonial empires in order to make profit

New Imperialism

a period of colonial expansion by European powers, the United States, and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries

Causes of Imperialism

economic pressures, human aggressiveness and greed, the search for security, the drive for power and prestige, nationalist emotions, humanitarianism

White Man’s Burden

colonial domination, to illustrate the falsity of the good intentions of Western neo-colonialism towards the non-white peoples of the world

Spheres of Influence

the claim by a state to exclusive or predominant control over a foreign area or territory

Jewel in the Crown

used to describe India's place in the British Empire

Sepoy Mutiny

widespread but unsuccessful rebellion against British rule in India in 1857-59

Leopold II

the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State

Berlin Conference

regulated the division of Africa among fourteen European countries and the United States

Scramble for Africa

the artificial drawing of African political boundaries among European powers in the end of the 19th century

Boer War

between 1899 and 1902, the British Army fought a bitter colonial war against the Boers in South Africa

Ethiopia

the only African nation to successfully resist the nation to successfully resist the Europeans

Battle of Adwa

a stunning victory for Ethiopia but a disaster for Italy

Opium War

British forces fought a war in China that benefitted drug smugglers

Treaty of Nanjing

treaty that ended the first Opium War, the first of the unequal treaties between China and foreign imperialist powers

Taiping Rebellion

a revolt against the Qing dynasty in China, fought with religious conviction over regional economic conditions

Boxer Rebellion

an uprising against foreigners that occurred in China about 1900, begun by peasants but eventually supported by the government

Matthew Perry

a military leader who went on two expeditions to Japan in 1853 and 1854, established trade between Japan and the United States

Treaty of Kanagawa

the first treaty between the United States of America and Japan

Sino-Japanese War

the conflict between Japan and China in 1894-95 that marked the emergence of Japan as a major world power and demonstrated the weakness of the Chinese empire

Russo-Japanese War

a military conflict fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan

Iwakura Mission

make preparations for treaty revisions and to conduct an investigation of various countries' institutions and cultures

Zaibatsu

any of the large capitalist enterprises of Japan before World War II, similar to cartels or trusts but usually organized around a single family

Zulu

 a nation of Nguni-speaking people in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa