3.2 South Asia Nexus and Resource Security

challenges for South Asia

* providing enough water and energy to grow enough food for the increasing population
* population growth
* rapid urbanisation
* industrialisation
* climate change

what do changes in the challeneges of SA lead to

increased demand for, and pressure on, resources

where is the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region

area of mountains in the eight countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan.

HKH ecosystem

* upstream ecosytem is highly depended on by downstream communties
* drinking water
* Hydroelectric power
* water for irrigation

asia’s fraction of global population

* % of water consumption

2/3 of world’s population

59%

south asia

land %,

population %

world’s poor population %

how much is in food-energy deficit

lack access to safe drinking water %

land 3%

population 25%

poor population 40%

over half in deficit

20% lack access to safe drinking water

what is key to human development

energy

Nexus approach to FWE

appraoches FWE as an intergrated method to achieve security in all 3

what does the Nexus stress

need for co-operation among FWE sectors despite competition for scare resources

HKH region dependence of water

over 1.3 billion people rely on fresh water from HKH

rivers in sa

ganges

brahmaputra

meghna

stakeholders

* farmers
* politicians
* industries
* water engineers
* urban population

what was the Green Revolution and its primary aim

1960-90 great increase in production of food grains due to population growth of 60%

* aim - introduce high-yielding varieties of cereals to alleviate poverty and malnutrition