Classical Civilizations Exam Review

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to classical civilizations for exam preparation.

Mauryan Empire

An ancient empire located on the Indian subcontinent, founded by Chandragupta Maurya.

Ashoka

Grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, known for adopting Buddhism and promoting peace after the Battle of Kalinga.

Battle of Kalinga

A significant conflict that led Ashoka to embrace Buddhism and promote religious tolerance through the Edicts of Ashoka.

Qin Dynasty

A Chinese dynasty established by Shi Huangdi, characterized by harsh legalism and notable infrastructure projects.

Shi Huangdi

The first emperor of China who unified the Qin Dynasty and ruled under the philosophy of Legalism.

Legalism

A philosophy in which it is believed that people are inherently evil and require strict laws and punishments.

Han Dynasty

A Chinese dynasty known as a golden age of civilization that lasted over 400 years, following the Qin Dynasty.

Civil Service Exam

An examination used in the Han Dynasty to recruit capable bureaucrats based on Confucian principles.

Silk Road

A network of trade routes established during the Han Dynasty that facilitated the exchange of goods and culture.

Greek City-States

Independent regions in ancient Greece characterized by unique governments and cultures, such as Athens and Sparta.

Delian League

An alliance led by Athens after the Persian Wars, focused on mutual defense and cooperation.

Spartan Government

A mixed government combining elements of monarchy and oligarchy, known for its military focus and social structure.

Athenian Democracy

A direct form of democracy in Athens where male citizens participated in government, emphasizing education.

Maya Empire

Located on the Yucatan Peninsula, the Maya civilization was known for its polytheistic religion and advanced agricultural techniques.

Tikal

One of the leading city-states of the Maya Empire, famous for its significant cultural and architectural achievements.

Roman Republic

A form of government established in Rome where officials were elected to represent the citizens.

Pax Romana

A period of peace and stability throughout the Roman Empire initiated by Caesar Augustus.

The Twelve Tables

The earliest attempt to create a code of laws in Rome that represented a significant advancement in legal rights.