Studied by 5 people
Vertical Integration
One part of the ways industries gained money and grew
Robber Barons
Used to describe successful industrialists who were seen as “unethical.”
Social Darwinism
Used to justify the accumulation of wealth, racism, and imperialism
Dawes Act
Attempted cultural removal through assimilation of Native Americans by the U.S. government
Ghost Dance
This terrified US officials, and eventually was used as justification for the wounded knee massacre.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Banned businesses from colluding or merging to form a monopoly but it was also used to break up unions and punish strikers
Populists
People who believed an idea and appealed to emotion rather than reason and they almost always implied a conspiracy
Atlanta Compromise
To encourage African Americans to temporarily accept the status quo in order to advance economically to the point that white communities would accept Black people as equal in business and eventually would have equality
Disenfranchisement
Loss of voting rights
Plessy v Ferguson
Made "separate but equal", also known as segregation, as constitutional
New Immigrants
Came from Southern and Eastern Europe, and did not receive a warm welcome because of nativism and racism
Chinese Exclusion Act
First large law that restricted immigration into the United States of an ethnic working group.
Progressivism
A faith in government power and the belief that we can use that power to regulate society so that more people can realize their full potential
Settlement House
Provided educational, and recreational social services to immigrants
Pure Food and Drug Act
A key piece of Progressive Era legislation to regulate what we put into our bodies
Fourteen Points
Wilson’s plan to achieve “peace without victory”
Espionage and Sedition Acts
In an effort to mobilize the country for war, Congress passed the Sedition Act of 1918.
NAACP
Civil rights organization founded to fight prejudice, lynching, Jim Crow segregation, and inequality
(Two) Great Migrations
The ____ aggravated racial tensions throughout the United States
Tulsa Riot
Massacre of highly successful Black people by white people
Versailles Treaty
Ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers. Punished Germany, which set the stage for World War II
League of Nations
Part of Wilson’s plan to achieve peace without victory
Flapper
They were considered the first generation of independent American women, flappers pushed barriers in economic, political and sexual freedom for women.
Scopes Trial
Tennessee trial pitting Christian Fundamentalism against Darwins theory of evolution
Harlem Renaissance
African American literary and cultural movement celebrating Black culture
Great Depression
Major economic downturn that was overcome with massive government spending to put people to work and to fight in World War Two
New Deal
FDR’s plan for relief, recovery and reform to end the Great Depression.
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
This relief program employed single, young men by putting them to work on various building and beautifying projects around the nation.
Agricultural Adjustment Act
This plan relied on farmers to work with the government to bring up the price of food products.
Federal Housing Administration
Created by the government to promote home ownership by offering discount mortgages with government backing.
Share Our Wealth Movement
Huey Long’s program was a response to some of the shortcomings of the New Deal.
Social Security Act
Its pension plan was one of the most heavily criticized New Deal programs
Lend-Lease Act
Modification of the Neutrality Acts that allowed FDR to supply the Allies with materials and weapons
GI Bill of Rights
Government support of veterans that was typically reserved for white males
Zoot Suit Riots
White mob violence direct toward Latinos
Korematsu v. United States
Supreme Court decision upholding the internment of Japanese Americans
Double V
Victory over racism abroad and at home
United Nations
Rooted in liberal internationalism as pioneered by the League of Nations
NNM
A movement to celebrate Black pride, showcasing Black talent, and raising awareness about Black struggles through the arts and humanities.
Containment
The guiding principle of U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War aka the Truman Doctrine
Decolonization
Coincided with the new Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States and the early development of the new United Nations.
McCarthyism
AKA the Second Red Scare/ political repression and persecution of left-wing individuals and a campaign spreading fear of alleged communist and socialist influence on American institutions and of Soviet espionage in the United States during the late 1940s through the 1950s.
Levittown
For returning veterans and their new families, the communities offered attractive alternatives to cramped, central city locations and apartments but wasn’t open to Black veterans
Baby Boom
Demographic bubble that continues to affect the United States. Increase in the birth rate after WWII.
Urban Renewal
Tearing down dilapidated neighborhoods in the name of progress": the process of seizing and demolishing large swaths of private and public property for the purpose of modernizing and improving aging infrastructure.
Brown v Board of Education
Overturned the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision (1896) - the Supreme Court ruled that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional.
SCLC
a civil rights organization founded in 1957, as an offshoot of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), which successfully staged a 381-day boycott of the Montgomery Alabama's segregated bus system
Southern Manifesto
White backlash against the integration promised by Brown v. Board of Education
Military-industrial complex
President Eisenhower’s warning that profits, not actual security risks, were causing war
SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)
Used sit-ins to provoke a response in their protests for civil rights
Cuban Missile Crisis
direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War and was the moment when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict
Civil Rights Act
Outlawed segregation in public places and in employment
Voting Rights ACt
Moving toward political equality regardless of race
Great Society
Represented the most sweeping social welfare bill since the New Deal.
Black Power
A direct result of the slow pace of civil rights reform. The belief that when attacked, Black people should be able to fight back → urge economic independence and start/support buisnesses
Gulf of Tonkin resolution
Gave President Johnson the power to launch a massive bombing campaign against North Vietnam.
Counterculture
Grew out of a shared frustration with a culture seen as too materialistic and shallow.
The Feminine Mystique
A new turn for the feminist movement that revealed societal pressures for women to do unpaid work at home instead of paid work in the broader economy
Stonewall Inn
A 1969 raid by NYC police here launched the gay rights movement.
Silent Spring
That spraying chemicals to control insect populations can also kill birds that feed on dead or dying insects. Launched the modern environmentalist movement.
Roe v. Wade
Protected a woman’s right to privacy and struck down state prohibitions against abortion during the first trimester.
Tet Offensive
Although American forces quickly recovered, this was a major psychological blow to the American people.
Affirmative Action
Designed to promote career opportunities for minorities who have historically been excluded from these pathways to long-term financial success.
DĂ©tente
Relaxation of strained relations between nations.
My Lai Massacre
Slaughter of Vietnamese women and children that added to a growing sense among the American public that our government was lying to us about the Vietnam War.
Watergate
A break-in here led to the resignation of President Nixon and to a growing cynicism among Americans about our government.
Deindustrialization
Involved the transformation of the United States from a manufacturing economy to a service economy.
Sunbelt
Massive population growth here following World War Two led to greater political power for this region in the 1980s. Part of the US that’s most of the states in the South.
Reagonomics
Trying to stimulate the economy by freeing up profits for corporations and the wealthiest Americans. (tax cuts, decreased social spending, increased military spending, and deregulation of domestic markets)
Globalization
Highly disruptive process that has drastically reduced global poverty.
Bush v. Gore
Supreme Court decision that made George Bush president. Ruled that the state of Florida's court-ordered manual recount of vote ballots in the 2000 presidential election was unconstitutional
War on terrorism
Militaristic approach to ending anti-Americanism around the world.
Obergefell v. Hodges
The 14th Amendment requires all states to license marriages between same-sex couples and to recognize all marriages that were lawfully performed out of state.
Tea Party
conservative republicans opposed to government growth and taxes. Won in 2010 elections. Populist conservative movement that portrays the government as the true source of their constituents’ problems
American Exceptionalism
the belief that the US is very special and unique because they have an optimistic and humanistic view on society to change the future and learn from the past
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Flashcard (100)