PosiPsy_M3.2 Reading_Hope Theory

Hope

Perceived capability to derive pathways to desired goals and motivate oneself via agency thinking to use those pathways

Hope

The "other side" of the "excusing" process

Both

Is hope a trait or a state?

Agency thinking

Pathways thinking

Hope is a positive motivational state that is based on an interactively derived sense of successful based on what kinds of thinking?

Goals

Cognitive component that anchors the hope theory

Positive or "approach" goals

Forestalling of a negative goal outcome

Two general types of goals

Positive or "approach" goals

May be envisioned for the first time; Pertaining to the sustaining of the present goal; Represents the desire to further a positive goal wherein one already has made progress

Forestalling of a negative goal outcome

This type of goal reflects stopping something before it happens; Aimed at delaying the unwanted

First, goal-directed thoughts comprise daily agendas in living

Second, precludes hopeful thoughts about building on what is already satisfactory— to reach for the many grand goals that have enticed people throughout history— enhancement goals

Two important categories of hope that constraints preclude

High

Low

Both very ______ and ______ probability goals are appropriate targets for hoping

Pathways Thinking

People approach particular goal pursuits with the thoughts of generating usable routes. What thinking in Hope Theory is this?

Agency thought

Motivational component in the hope theory

The Union of Pathways and Agentic Thinking

Hopeful thinking necessitates both pathways and agency thought

Problems

Construed as barriers to desired goals and can be deflating and in the short run, should lessen a person's agency

Thinking process/State

Many conceptualized hope as an emotion but, Hope Theory emphasizes hope as a ______

Childhood

A person's pathways and agency thinking are learned over the course of ______

Surprise events

Events that occurs outside of the normal goal pursuit thought process and immediately elicits emotion because the positive or negative contrast that it represents