Cose che non memorizzo CCNA

IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)

Responsible for overseeing and managing IP address allocation, domain name management, and protocol identifiers for ICANN.

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)

Coordinates IP address allocation and the management of domain names globally.

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)

Develops, updates, and maintains Internet and TCP/IP protocols, documented as RFCs (Request for Comments).

ISOC (Internet Society)

Responsible for promoting the open development, evolution, and use of the Internet.

IAB (Internet Architecture Board)

Responsible for the overall management and development of Internet standards.

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

Creates standards like 802.3 (Ethernet) and 802.11 (WLAN).

ITU-T (International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector)

Defines standards for broadband communications (e.g., DSL), video compression, and IPTV.

EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance)

Best known for standards relating to electrical wiring, connectors, and the 19-inch racks used for mounting equipment.

Layer 7 (Application - OSI)

Contains protocols used for process-to-process communications (user interface).

Layer 4 (Transport - OSI)

Defines services to segment, transfer, and reassemble data; utilizes port numbers.

Layer 3 (Network - OSI)

Provides services to exchange data between identified end devices using logical (IP) addresses.

Layer 2 (Data Link - OSI)

Describes methods for exchanging frames between devices over a common media using physical (MAC) addresses.

Layer 1 (Physical - OSI)

Describes means to manage physical connections for bit transmission (mechanical and electrical).

Application Layer (TCP/IP)

Represents data to the user, plus encoding and dialog control.

Internet Layer (TCP/IP)

Determines the best path through the network (OSI L3 equivalent).

Network Access Layer (TCP/IP)

Controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network (OSI L1 and L2 equivalent).

Transport Layer Data

Encoded application data + Source and destination process numbers (Ports).

Data Link Layer Address Responsibility

Delivering the frame between NICs on the same network.

Network Layer Address Responsibility

Delivering the packet from the original source to the final destination.

Source IP address

The IP address of the sending device, which is the original source of the packet.

Destination IP address

The IP address of the receiving device, which is the final destination of the packet.

Network portion (IPv4) / Prefix (IPv6)

The left-most part of the address that indicates the network the IP address is a member of.

Host portion (IPv4) / Interface ID (IPv6)

The remaining part of the address that identifies the specific device on the network (must be unique).

Subnet Mask (IPv4)

A 32-bit value that differentiates the network portion from the host portion in an IPv4 address.

Default Gateway

The IP address of the router the host uses to access remote networks (including the internet).

Kernel

Communicates between the hardware and software; manages how hardware resources are used to meet software requirements.

Shell

The user interface (CLI or GUI) that allows users to request specific tasks from the computer.

Question

Answer

What is the function of **Network Communications Protocols**?

To enable two or more devices to communicate over one or more networks.

What are examples of **Network Communications Protocols**?

IP (Internet Protocol), TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), and HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol).

What is the function of **Network Security Protocols**?

To secure data by providing authentication, data integrity, and data encryption.

What are examples of **Network Security Protocols**?

SSH (Secure Shell), SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), and TLS (Transport Layer Security).

What is the function of **Routing Protocols**?

To enable routers to exchange route information, compare path information, and select the best path to the destination.

What are examples of **Routing Protocols**?

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol).

What is the function of **Service Discovery Protocols**?

They are used for the automatic detection of devices or services on the network.

What are examples of **Service Discovery Protocols**?

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) and DNS (Domain Name System).

Which Service Discovery protocol discovers services for **IP address allocation**?

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

Which Service Discovery protocol is used to perform **name-to-IP address translation**?

DNS (Domain Name System)