data and information

Data

Data

raw facts and figures with no meaning

Information

data that has been processed and gives us knowledge

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange - a code for representing characters in binary

Binary Code

code made up from a series of binary digits 0 or 1

Encoding

it is converting data into a machine understandable format

Input

Capturing/entering data in to machine.

Output

Results/Information produced once the data has been processed

Bit

the smallest unit of data in a computer

Byte

8 bits

Nibble

Half a byte / 4 bits.

Kilobyte (KB)

1024 bytes

Megabyte (MB)

1024 kilobytes

Gigabyte (GB)

1,024 megabytes

Terabyte

1024 gigabytes

Data Type

indicates the type of data that can be stored in a field

Boolean data type

a variable that is either true or false

String

A sequence of characters

Integer

All whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero.

Real Number

contains a decimal point (both postive and negative)

Character

each character contains 8 bits or 1 byte