Developmental Psych Chapter 15

Economic downturns

Economic downturns

________ and recessions in the US have forced some middle- aged individuals into premature retirement because of job loss and fear of not being able to reenter the workforce.

Climacteric

________: describes the midlife transition in which fertility declines.

Baby boomers

________ have shown a strong interest in plastic surgery and botox.

Low testosterone levels

________ can contribute to erectile dysfunction.

higher complexity of work

Engaging in ________ before retirement was associated with a smaller decline in cognitive performance in retirement.

Chronic disorders

________ are characterized by a slow onset and a long duration.

cardiorespiratory fitness

Increased ________ from early adulthood to middle adulthood was linked to less decline in lung health over time.

Spirituality

________: experiencing something beyond oneself in a transcendent manner and living in a way that benefits others and society.

risk of breast

Late menopause was associated with an increased ________ cancer.

Deaths

________ due to cardiovascular disease have been decreasing in the US since the 1970s.

Age spots

________: small, localized areas of pigmentation in the skin, especially in areas that are exposed to sunlight.

Metabolic syndrome

________: characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance.

Vision problems

________ were linked to decreased life satisfaction, decreased self- esteem, increased depressive symptoms, and increased social isolation.

John Horn

________: some abilities begin to decline in middle age while others increase.

Skin

________ begins to wrinkle and sag because of a loss of fat and collagen in underlying tissues.

Testosterone production

________ begins to decline about 1 percent a year during middle adulthood.

Cognitive factors

________ earlier in development are linked to occupational attainment in middle age.

Menopause

________: time in middle age when a womans menstrual periods cease.

Longitudinal studies

________ hold the key to determining age- related changes in cognitive functioning.

Fingernails

________ and toenails develop ridges and become thicker and more brittle.

Perceptual speed

________ showed the earliest decline- begins in early adulthood.

Greater intake of fruits

________ and vegetables was linked to increased bone density in middle- ages and older adults.

Hypertension

________ in middle age was linked to risk of cognitive impairment in late adulthood.

Decrease

________ in height is due to bone loss in the vertebrae.

Weight loss

________ and exercise are strongly recommended as part of the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

Sedentary behavior

________ (especially moderate and high tv viewing time) and chronic stress exposure are linked to metabolic syndrome.

Obesity

________ is also a risk factor.

Globalization

________ has replaced what was primarily a white male workforce with employees of different ethnic and national backgrounds.

Sarcopenia

________: age related loss of muscle mass and strength.

Religiousness

________: degree of affiliation with an organized religion, participation in its prescribed rituals and practices, connection with its beliefs, and involvement in a community of believers.

whole grains

Exercise, weight control, and a diet rich in fruits, veggies, and ________ can help to stave off many cardiovascular problems in middle age.

higher mortality rates

Men have ________ than women for all leading causes of death.

Expertise

________ involves having extensive, highly organized knowledge and understanding of a particular domain.

Erectile dysfunction

________: difficulty attaining or maintaining penile erection.

Hrt

________ is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer.

Male hypogonadism

________: condition where the body doesnt produce enough testosterone.

risk factors

Smoking and diabetes were ________ for accelerated loss of muscle mass in middle- aged women.

Middle age

________ is the time when many cognitive skills peak.

Age related declines

________ occur in some occupations, but for most jobs, no differences have been found in work performance.

Religion

________: organized set of beliefs that increases an individuals connection to a sacred or transcendent other.

Maximum physical strength

________ is often attained during the twenties.

Fluid intelligence

predicted performance on everyday problem solving in young adults but with increasing age, crystallized intelligence became a better predictor.

Neurobiological decline

slow and gradual and doesnt interfere with effective functioning at work or in everyday life.

Chronic diseases

________ are now the main causes of death for individuals in middle adulthood.

Obesity increases

________ from early to middle adulthood.

Infectious disease

________ was the main cause of death until the middle of the twentieth century.

fate of heath

Decline in defined- benefit pensions and increased uncertainty about the ________ insurance are decreasing the sense of personal control among middle- aged workers.

Sleep problems

more common with people who use a higher number of prescription and nonprescription drugs, are obese, depressed, or have cardiovascular disease.

persons health

A(n) ________ in middle age is a key factor in sexual activity.

Memory decline

either nonexistent or minimal in the early part of middle age but does occur in the latter part of middle age or in late adulthood.

middle adulthood

developmental period that begins at 40-45 and extends to 60-65

age spots

small, localized areas of pigmentation in the skin, especially in areas that are exposed to sunlight

sarcopenia

age related loss of muscle mass and strength

accommodation of the eye

the ability to focus and maintain an image on the retina

metabolic syndrome

characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance

most common

arthritis

men

fatal chronic conditions like coronary heart disease, cancer, and stroke

women

nonfatal chronic conditions like arthritis, varicose veins, and bursitis

climacteric

describes the midlife transition in which fertility declines

menopause

time in middle age when a womans menstrual periods cease

menarche

girls first menstruation

perimenopause

transitional period from normal menstrual periods to no menstrual periods at all

symptoms

depressed feelings, headaches, moodiness, and heart palpitations

decline produces uncomfortable symptoms

hot flashes, nausea, fatigue, rapid heartbeat

hrt alternatives

regular exercise, mindfulness training, dietary supplements, herbal remedies, relaxation therapy, acupuncture, hypnosis, and nonsteroidal medications

male hypogonadism

condition where the body doesnt produce enough testosterone

erectile dysfunction

difficulty attaining or maintaining penile erection

main treatment

Viagra and similar drugs (Levitra, Cialis)

other treatments

low-intensity shock-wave therapy

John Horn

some abilities begin to decline in middle age while others increase

crystallized intelligence

an individuals accumulated information and verbal skills

fluid intelligence

ones ability to reason abstractly

perceptual speed showed the earliest decline

begins in early adulthood

common assessment

reaction-time task

leisure

pleasant times after work when individuals are free to pursue activities and interests of their own choosing

top six regrets

one is not engaging in more leisure

religion

organized set of beliefs that increases an individuals connection to a sacred or transcendent other

religiousness

degree of affiliation with an organized religion, participation in its prescribed rituals and practices, connection with its beliefs, and involvement in a community of believers

spirituality

experiencing something beyond oneself in a transcendent manner and living in a way that benefits others and society

spirituality

human beings uniqueness of spirit, philosophy, and mind