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Economic downturns
________ and recessions in the US have forced some middle- aged individuals into premature retirement because of job loss and fear of not being able to reenter the workforce.
Climacteric
________: describes the midlife transition in which fertility declines.
Baby boomers
________ have shown a strong interest in plastic surgery and botox.
Low testosterone levels
________ can contribute to erectile dysfunction.
higher complexity of work
Engaging in ________ before retirement was associated with a smaller decline in cognitive performance in retirement.
Chronic disorders
________ are characterized by a slow onset and a long duration.
cardiorespiratory fitness
Increased ________ from early adulthood to middle adulthood was linked to less decline in lung health over time.
Spirituality
________: experiencing something beyond oneself in a transcendent manner and living in a way that benefits others and society.
risk of breast
Late menopause was associated with an increased ________ cancer.
Deaths
________ due to cardiovascular disease have been decreasing in the US since the 1970s.
Age spots
________: small, localized areas of pigmentation in the skin, especially in areas that are exposed to sunlight.
Metabolic syndrome
________: characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance.
Vision problems
________ were linked to decreased life satisfaction, decreased self- esteem, increased depressive symptoms, and increased social isolation.
John Horn
________: some abilities begin to decline in middle age while others increase.
Skin
________ begins to wrinkle and sag because of a loss of fat and collagen in underlying tissues.
Testosterone production
________ begins to decline about 1 percent a year during middle adulthood.
Cognitive factors
________ earlier in development are linked to occupational attainment in middle age.
Menopause
________: time in middle age when a womans menstrual periods cease.
Longitudinal studies
________ hold the key to determining age- related changes in cognitive functioning.
Fingernails
________ and toenails develop ridges and become thicker and more brittle.
Perceptual speed
________ showed the earliest decline- begins in early adulthood.
Greater intake of fruits
________ and vegetables was linked to increased bone density in middle- ages and older adults.
Hypertension
________ in middle age was linked to risk of cognitive impairment in late adulthood.
Decrease
________ in height is due to bone loss in the vertebrae.
Weight loss
________ and exercise are strongly recommended as part of the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Sedentary behavior
________ (especially moderate and high tv viewing time) and chronic stress exposure are linked to metabolic syndrome.
Obesity
________ is also a risk factor.
Globalization
________ has replaced what was primarily a white male workforce with employees of different ethnic and national backgrounds.
Sarcopenia
________: age related loss of muscle mass and strength.
Religiousness
________: degree of affiliation with an organized religion, participation in its prescribed rituals and practices, connection with its beliefs, and involvement in a community of believers.
whole grains
Exercise, weight control, and a diet rich in fruits, veggies, and ________ can help to stave off many cardiovascular problems in middle age.
higher mortality rates
Men have ________ than women for all leading causes of death.
Expertise
________ involves having extensive, highly organized knowledge and understanding of a particular domain.
Erectile dysfunction
________: difficulty attaining or maintaining penile erection.
Hrt
________ is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer.
Male hypogonadism
________: condition where the body doesnt produce enough testosterone.
risk factors
Smoking and diabetes were ________ for accelerated loss of muscle mass in middle- aged women.
Middle age
________ is the time when many cognitive skills peak.
Age related declines
________ occur in some occupations, but for most jobs, no differences have been found in work performance.
Religion
________: organized set of beliefs that increases an individuals connection to a sacred or transcendent other.
Maximum physical strength
________ is often attained during the twenties.
Fluid intelligence
predicted performance on everyday problem solving in young adults but with increasing age, crystallized intelligence became a better predictor.
Neurobiological decline
slow and gradual and doesnt interfere with effective functioning at work or in everyday life.
Chronic diseases
________ are now the main causes of death for individuals in middle adulthood.
Obesity increases
________ from early to middle adulthood.
Infectious disease
________ was the main cause of death until the middle of the twentieth century.
fate of heath
Decline in defined- benefit pensions and increased uncertainty about the ________ insurance are decreasing the sense of personal control among middle- aged workers.
Sleep problems
more common with people who use a higher number of prescription and nonprescription drugs, are obese, depressed, or have cardiovascular disease.
persons health
A(n) ________ in middle age is a key factor in sexual activity.
Memory decline
either nonexistent or minimal in the early part of middle age but does occur in the latter part of middle age or in late adulthood.
middle adulthood
developmental period that begins at 40-45 and extends to 60-65
age spots
small, localized areas of pigmentation in the skin, especially in areas that are exposed to sunlight
sarcopenia
age related loss of muscle mass and strength
accommodation of the eye
the ability to focus and maintain an image on the retina
metabolic syndrome
characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance
most common
arthritis
men
fatal chronic conditions like coronary heart disease, cancer, and stroke
women
nonfatal chronic conditions like arthritis, varicose veins, and bursitis
climacteric
describes the midlife transition in which fertility declines
menopause
time in middle age when a womans menstrual periods cease
menarche
girls first menstruation
perimenopause
transitional period from normal menstrual periods to no menstrual periods at all
symptoms
depressed feelings, headaches, moodiness, and heart palpitations
decline produces uncomfortable symptoms
hot flashes, nausea, fatigue, rapid heartbeat
hrt alternatives
regular exercise, mindfulness training, dietary supplements, herbal remedies, relaxation therapy, acupuncture, hypnosis, and nonsteroidal medications
male hypogonadism
condition where the body doesnt produce enough testosterone
erectile dysfunction
difficulty attaining or maintaining penile erection
main treatment
Viagra and similar drugs (Levitra, Cialis)
other treatments
low-intensity shock-wave therapy
John Horn
some abilities begin to decline in middle age while others increase
crystallized intelligence
an individuals accumulated information and verbal skills
fluid intelligence
ones ability to reason abstractly
perceptual speed showed the earliest decline
begins in early adulthood
common assessment
reaction-time task
leisure
pleasant times after work when individuals are free to pursue activities and interests of their own choosing
top six regrets
one is not engaging in more leisure
religion
organized set of beliefs that increases an individuals connection to a sacred or transcendent other
religiousness
degree of affiliation with an organized religion, participation in its prescribed rituals and practices, connection with its beliefs, and involvement in a community of believers
spirituality
experiencing something beyond oneself in a transcendent manner and living in a way that benefits others and society
spirituality
human beings uniqueness of spirit, philosophy, and mind
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