NURS-1037 – The Interview

Three goals for a successful interview are to gather complete, accurate data, establish ____ and ____, and share information about the patient’s health state

rapport and trust, convey respect

An interview should build rapport for a continuing therapeutic relationship and provide opportunities for teaching about ____ and ____

health promotion, illness prevention

Factors to consider during an interview include ____, ____, purpose, length, expectations, presence of others, confidentiality, and costs

time and place, introduction and explanation

Therapeutic nurse–client relationships include verbal and nonverbal communication, sending and receiving, recognizing power differentials, and developing communication skills that require ____

relational practice

Skills required for relational practice include unconditional positive regard, ____, and ____

empathy, active listening

The physical environment for an interview should prioritize ____, including refusal of interruptions

privacy

Nonverbal behaviours that convey messages without words include body movement, physical appearance, personal space, and ____

touch

To ensure clarity, nonverbal communication must be consistent with the ____

spoken word

Nurses must recognize actions or behaviours that could cross or violate ____

professional boundaries

Actions that violate professional boundaries include giving personal contact information, sharing social-media usernames, social networking, or discussing past or current ____

relationships

Components of the health history are Biographic Data, Source of History, Reason for Seeking Care, Present Health or History of Present Illness (HPI), ____, Family History, and Functional Assessment

Past Health

Four characteristics that describe the reason for seeking care are a ____, a sign, a chief complaint, or a presenting problem

symptom

A ____ is a subjective sensation the person feels from a disorder

symptom

A ____ is an objective abnormality detected on physical examination or in laboratory reports

sign

The PQRSTU mnemonic for the History of Present Illness (HPI) stands for Provocative/Palliative, ____, Region/Radiation, Severity, Timing, and Understanding

Quality/Quantity

To assess the Quality or Quantity of a symptom, ask: “How does it look, feel, or sound? How intense or severe is it?” — this relates to the ____ of the pain

texture and intensity

To assess the Region or Radiation of a symptom, ask: “Where is it? Does it spread?” — this helps ____ the symptom

localize

To assess the Severity of a symptom, use a 0–10 scale and ask: “How bad is it?” — this measures ____

intensity

To assess the Timing of a symptom, ask: “When did it start? How often? How long does it last?” — this measures ____ and ____

onset, duration

The “U” in PQRSTU stands for ____, which reflects what the patient believes the problem means

Understanding the patient’s perception of the problem

The Past Health section covers childhood illnesses, injuries, serious or chronic illnesses, hospitalizations, operations, obstetric history, immunizations, last exam date, allergies, and ____

current medications

The obstetric history includes number of full-term pregnancies, preterm pregnancies, abortions (spontaneous or induced), and ____

living children

The Family History should include conditions such as heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and ____

mental health issues

The Functional Assessment, using the ADL (Activities of Daily Living) framework, measures self-care ability in general health, nutrition, ____, activity/exercise, sleep/rest, elimination, and self-esteem

self-concept

Other Functional Assessment components include interpersonal relationships, spiritual resources, coping/stress management, personal habits (tobacco, alcohol, drug use, problem gambling), environment/hazards, and ____

intimate partner violence

Assessment of intimate partner violence includes questions about being physically hurt, in danger, or forced to have sexual contact against your will, and is mandatory in ____ of Canada

some jurisdictions

In the Review of Systems (ROS), general overall health is assessed by asking about weight change, fatigue, fever, chills, and ____

sweats

The sequence of the Review of Systems examination proceeds from ____ to ____

head, toe

The Review of Systems for the integumentary system includes questions about skin, hair, and ____

nails

The Review of Systems for the eyes includes questions about vision, pain, discharge, and ____

redness

The Review of Systems for the ears includes questions about hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, and ____

earaches

The Review of Systems for the respiratory system includes questions about cough, shortness of breath, and ____

wheezing

The Review of Systems for the cardiovascular system includes questions about chest pain, palpitations, edema, and ____

claudication

The Review of Systems for the urinary system includes questions about frequency, urgency, nocturia, and ____

hematuria

The Review of Systems for the neurological system includes questions about headaches, seizures, weakness, and ____

incoordination

The Review of Systems for the endocrine system includes questions about polyuria, polydipsia, and ____

thyroid issues

The purpose of the Review of Systems is to evaluate the health state of each body system, double-check for omitted data, and evaluate health ____

promotion practices

The recommended age for a child to begin providing information in an interview, with a parent or care partner present, is ____

7 years

A comprehensive health history for an adolescent should include the ____ risk assessment

HEEADSSS (Home, Education/Employment, Eating, Activities, Drugs, Sexuality, Suicide/Depression, Safety)

Common symptoms in older adults that may indicate pathology are pain, fatigue, and ____

change in mental status

When taking a health history for an older adult, do not rely solely on the medical diagnosis, as the presence of ____ can be problematic

multiple chronic illnesses