Gen Chem 1210 Midterm One

SI Unit for Length

Meter

SI Unit for Mass

Kilogram

SI Unit for Temperature

Kelvin

SI Unit for Time

Seconds

SI Unit for Amount of Substance

Mole

Miles to Feet

1 mi = 5280 ft

Inches to Centimeters

1 in = 2.54 cm

Kelvins to Celsius

K = C + 273.15

Centimeters to Milliliters

1 cm³ = 1 ml

Converting to Joules

1 J = 1kgxm²/s²

Kilo

10³

Centi

10^-2

Milli

10^-3

Four Postulates of Daltons Atomic Theory

1. Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms

2. All atoms of the same element are identical, but atoms differ between elements

3. Atoms of one element can’t be changed into atoms of a different element. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

4. Compounds form when atoms of more than one element combine.

Thomson’s Cathode Ray Experiment

Used to discover electrons and their charge to mass ratio

Millikan’s Oil-Drop Experiment

Measured the charge of an electron

Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment

• Disproved plum pudding model

• Positive charge in nucleus

• Electrons orbit around atom

Rb

Rubidium

Cs

Cesium

Fr

Francium

Be

Beryllium

Sr

Strontium

Ba

Barium

Ra

Radium

Te

Tellurium

Po

Polonium

At

Astatine

Ar

Argon

Kr

Krypton

Xe

Xenon

Rn

Radon

Ammonium

NH₄+

Acetate

CH₃COO^-

Acetate

C₂H₃O₂^-

Chlorate

CLO₃^-

Perchlorate

CLO₄-

Nitrate

NO₃-

Permanganate

MnO₄-

Carbonate

CO₃^2-

Chromate

CrO₄^2-

Dichromate

Cr₂O₇^2-

Sulfate

SO₄^2-

Phosphate

PO₄^3-

Period 1A Charge

1+

Period 2A Charge (except Be)

2+

Ag Charge

+1

Zn Charge

2+

Al Charge

3+

N Charge

3-

Period 6A (except Po)

1-

Period 7A (except At)

1-

Peroxide (O₂) charge

-2

Silver (Ag) charge

+1

Acetates Charge (CH₃OO)

-1

Chlorate Charge (ClO₃)

-1

Nitrate Charge (NO₃)

-1

Permanganate Charge (MnO₄)

-1

Carbonate Charge (CO₃)

-2

Chromate (CrO₄) Charge

-2

Dichromate Charge (Cr₂O₇)

-2

Sulfate Charge (SO₄)

-2

Phosphate Charge (PO₄)

-3

Ammonium Charge (NH₄)

+1