Early American Colonies: Pilgrims, Puritans, French, and Native Relations
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40 Terms
Jamestown Becomes Virginia
Part of Virginia; focused on money and survival, not religion.
Why did Pilgrims come to America?
To practice religion freely.
Why did Pilgrims oppose the Church of England?
They thought it was corrupt and fake.
Who controlled the Church of England?
The king.
Why was the king's control a problem?
It mixed politics with religion.
Who were the Puritans?
Wanted to purify the Church of England.
Who were the Separatists?
Wanted to break away completely from the church.
Where did the Separatists first go?
The Netherlands.
Why did the Separatists leave the Netherlands?
Jobs were hard to find; kids lost English culture.
When did the Pilgrims sail?
1620.
What ship did the Pilgrims use?
The Mayflower.
Where were the Pilgrims supposed to land?
Delaware area.
Where did they actually land?
Massachusetts (Plymouth).
What did the Pilgrims find in Cape Cod Bay?
Stored corn and cleared land.
What did the Pilgrims name their settlement?
Plymouth.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
An agreement to govern themselves.
Why was the Mayflower Compact important?
First form of self-government in America.
How many died the first winter?
Over 40.
Who helped the Pilgrims survive?
The Wampanoag tribe.
Who was Squanto?
A Native who spoke English and helped the Pilgrims farm.
Who was Massasoit?
Chief of the Wampanoag who made peace with Pilgrims.
What was the first Thanksgiving?
A shared feast after a good harvest.
Who was King Philip?
Metacom, chief of the Wampanoag and Massasoit's son.
What caused King Philip's War?
English took land and ignored treaties.
When was King Philip's War?
1675-1676.
What tribes fought in King Philip's War?
Wampanoag, Narragansett, and Nipmuc.
What was the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A Puritan colony founded in 1629.
Who led the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
John Winthrop.
What did John Winthrop call it?
A "city upon a hill."
What was the Great Migration?
30,000 Puritans moved to Massachusetts.
Who could vote in Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Male church members (freemen).
How tolerant was the colony?
Not tolerant of other religions.
When and who founded Quebec?
1608, Samuel de Champlain.
What was the main French economy in America?
Fur trading.
What was the French goal with Natives?
To convert them to Christianity.
What was the French and Indian War?
War between Britain and France for North America.
Who won the French and Indian War?
Britain.
What land did Britain gain?
Canada and land east of the Mississippi.
What did Britain do after the war?
Taxed the colonies to pay war debts.
What was the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
Ended the war; Britain gained French lands.