Untitled Flashcards Set

Who started the religion of Islam?

The prophet Muhammad.

What is the religious text of Islam?

The Koran (Quran).

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

Faith (Shahadah), Prayer (Salat), Charity (Zakah), Fasting (Sawm), and Pilgrimage (Hajj).

What does Faith (Shahadah) signify?

The declaration that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger.

What is Prayer (Salat) in Islam?

Ritual prayer performed five times a day to connect with Allah.

What is Charity (Zakah)?

The practice of giving a portion of one's wealth to those in need.

What is Fasting (Sawm) during Ramadan?

Abstaining from food and drink from dawn to sunset.

What is the significance of Pilgrimage (Hajj)?

The journey to Mecca that every Muslim must undertake at least once.

How did the religion of Islam spread?

Through teachings of Muhammad and early followers' efforts.

What is worshipped in Islam?

Allah.

How did the Islamic empire expand?

Through military conquests led by Caliphs.

Which regions did the Islamic empire reach?

Central Asia, North India, Spain, Persia, and parts of Mediterranean.

What is a commonality in early Islamic leadership ideas?

Religion was not forced upon others.

What distinguishes Shia from Sunni Muslims?

Shia Muslims believe in a different line of succession from Muhammad.

Describe the geography of the Arabian Peninsula.

Hot, dry desert with mountains and surrounded by seas.

What are caliphs?

Leaders of the Muslim community and successors of Muhammad.

What were some medical achievements of early Muslims?

Established hospitals and advanced cataract treatment.

What are notable architectural achievements in Islam?

Construction of domes, mosques, and delicate minarets.

What were literary achievements in the Islamic Golden Age?

Oral poetry, storytelling, and famous collections like The Thousand and One Nights.

What are some math achievements from early Muslim scholars?

Advancements in Arabic numerals and the study of algebra.

What were navigation and geography achievements in early Islam?

Developed astrolabes and studied planetary movements.