Unit 3-Module 9 Reproductive development and structure

Q: What does the sporophyte develop from?

A: A zygote formed after fertilization.

Q: What produces haploid gametes by mitosis?

A: The gametophyte

Q: What is the dominant phase of the life cycle in vascular plants?

A: The sporophyte phase.

Q: What structure helps to protect the unopened bud?

A: The sepals (part of the calyx).

Q: What is the gynoecium composed of?

A: One or more carpels, each with a stigma, style, and ovary.

Q: What are some differences between monocots and dicots?

• Monocots: 1 cotyledon, parallel veins, scattered vascular bundles, flower parts in multiples of 3.

• Dicots: 2 cotyledons, net-like veins, vascular bundles in a ring, flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5.

Q: What do mother microspores ultimately give rise to?

A: Pollen grains (male gametophytes).

Q: Mature pollen grains are released from what structure in angiosperms?

A: The anther.

Q: What allows the pollen tube to enter the embryo sac for fertilization?

A: The micropyle.

Q: Where is the female gametophyte located in angiosperms?

A: Inside the ovule within the ovary.

Q: Which gametophyte is the larger, more obvious structure in gymnosperms?

A: The sporophyte (not the gametophyte; in gymnosperms the gametophyte is reduced).

Q: What is gymnosperm pollen carried by?

A: Wind.

Q: In gymnosperms, what is the female gametophyte contained within?

A: The ovule.

Q: What type of fertilization occurs in gymnosperms?

A: Single fertilization (only one sperm fertilizes one egg).