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8th grade 2024 full complete study guide for American Revolution
Travel Time between Europe and America
44 days
Taxed Products under the Sugar Act
molasses, coffee, wine
Colonists' Outcry after Stamp Act
"Taxation without representation"
Role of Daughters of Liberty
Encouraged using own materials, weaving cloth and the first Americans to make their own goods
Decline in British Exports
fell by 40%
Cost of Tea at Tea Party
$1 million and $3 million in today's money
Colonists Disguised as
Narragansett Indians and Mohawks Indians
1st Casualty of American Revolution
Crispus Attucks
Lawyer Defending British Soldiers
John Adams
Punishment for British Tax Collectors
Marked with a letter on thumb representing their crime and would be tarred and feathered
Pamphlet Inspiring Declaration
Common Sense by Thomas Paine
Why was Common Sense written
written to fight back against British taxes and inspired people to see unfairness in it
Idea for Declaring Independence
Richard Henry Lee of Virginia
Painter of Signing of Declaration
John Trumbell
This portrait was on the the back of what Federal note today?
$2 dollar note
Location of Declaration Signing
Philadelphia Independence Hall
President of Second Continental Congress
John Hancock
Why did John Hancock sign his signature so big?
make a statement, show his support, and make it known he was the President of the Continental Congress.
Author of Declaration
Thomas Jefferson
Why was Thomas Jefferson picked?
excellent writer, brilliant thinker, from Virginia (largest colony), highly respected political leader, 33, though bad at public speaking
Declaration Committee Members
Ben Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, Thomas Jefferson
Time to Write Declaration
2 weeks
Adoption Date of Declaration
July 4, 1776
Original Declaration Location
National Archives
Room in Museum with Declaration
the Rotunda for the charters of freedom
Documents in National Archives
Declaration, Preamble, 7 articles, Bill of Rights
Name for Important Documents
Charters of Freedom
Sections of Declaration
Preamble, Right of People, Tyrannical Acts, Efforts to Avoid Separation, Colonies Declared Free
Preamble
introduction to the acts
The Right of the People to Control their Government
John Locke believed everyone has rights to life, freedom, and property, and governments derive their power from people's agreement, allowing for removal of oppressive rulers.
Tyrannical acts of the British king (king George)
King George III of Britain did unfair things to the American colonies like making them pay taxes without letting them have a say, passing strict laws that took away their freedoms, sending soldiers to enforce these rules, and ignoring their complaints.
Efforts to Avoid Separation
1775 Olive Branch Petition (rejected by the King); a list of actions used to redress (rectify, remedy) the situation; many colonists were still Loyalists/Tories (loyal to the King); feared losing a war.
Colonies Declared Free and Independent
Wanted independence because the felt they had no other choice wanted to have the ability to wage and war and agree to peace to make alliance with other nations to set up an economic system wanted the ability to make laws and to seek membership in world organizations
Start Date of American Revolution
April 19, 1775
Poem about Battle of Lexington
The shot herd round the world
Who wrote The shot herd round the world?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
What was the name of the bridge, leading into Concord, that allowed the Colonists to fend off the British assault?
Old North Bridge
Loyalists and tories
English name for colonial subjects loyal to the king
Creation of Continental Army
June 14, 1775
Quote "Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes"
Israel Putman
Why did Israel Putman say this?
The troops needed to conserve the ammunition and more accurate shot
Tax Difference
British citizens taxed 25% higher
Average Ratio of muck balls that hit their target
1/300
Battle of Bunker Hill Location
Breed's Hill in Boston Massachusetts
European Fighters for British
German Hessians
Doctor/General at Battle of Princeton
Hugh Mercer
Turning Point Battle
Battle of Saratoga
Why was the turning point the Battle of Saratoga
6,000 British surrendered. French came to aid the colonist and one year later so would Spain.
What was the name of the medical procedure used at Valley Forge to slow down or stop the spread of Smallpox?
Mass Inoculation
What group of people introduced this process to the colonists?
African Slaves
Did inoculation work?
Yes before inoculation 4/10 people died and after inoculation 1/50 died.
What was the main reason that Benedict Arnold became a traitor/turncoat?
Disliked alliance with French (other reason was he was passed over for many promotions)
Chemical for Invisible Ink
Liquid Iron sulfate
Quote "I have not yet begun to fight"
John Paul Jones
Why did John Paul Jones say this?
To show that he was not ready to surrender to the British. Challenged by Captain Pearson showing resolve of americans. This happened as his ship (bonhomie Richard sank and he jumped ship to take over British Serapis)
Who was known as the Swamp Fox?
Francis Marion, elusive guerrilla fighter
Why was he called the Swamp Fox
known as the swamp fox because of his tactics of ambushing the British from marches of south and then retreating. (never led group larger than 70) faded into the swamps and forest like foxes
How would a frontier Guerrilla fight their enemy
Frontier Guerillas would use hit and run tactics by attacking an enemy and then retreating immediately (not part of a regular army)
Battle of Yorktown Date
September 28, 1781-October 19th
After Cornwallis (British leader) surrendered, what song did the British military band play?
The World Turned Upside Down
Where was the treaty discussed and signed?
The treaty was discussed and signed in Paris.
Where was the treaty signed?
Palace of Versailles and in the Room of Mirrors
What is the official date (month/date/year) that the Treaty of Paris was ratified?
September 3, 1783
main components/criteria of the treaty (1)
Great britain agreed to recognize the united states as an independent nation
What are did Britian give up to the colonists?
all of the lands between the Atlantic coast and the Mississippi River, from Canada South to Florida, (does not include Florida or Canada just up to the border)
What did the U.S agree to return to the loyalists?
returned all rights and property taken from the loyalists during the war
Where did loyalists/tories escape to?
loyalists/tories escaped to nova scotia so when they got their land back the colonists were mad at them
where are the grand banks?
newfoundland island
Who(S) began the formal peace negations (treaty) with the British?
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay
When did the formal peace negotiations with British begin?
September 27th, 1782
What is John Jay known for?
1st Chief justice
How many loyalists escaped to British Canada?
80,000 black and white loyalists left the us to British Canada .
What did Britain and the U.S both not do (in terms of the treaty) ?
Both of them didn’t ever fully live up to the treaty (both were very broke)
Where was the U.S given the right to fish off of?
Canada's Atlantic coast near newfoundland and nova scotia
What did each side (British and Colonists) have to do for each other?
repay the debts they owed each other
What did the British have to return to the colonists?
Any enslaved person (hard to live up to/didn’t do)
What it is Valley Forge?
The winter in Valley Forge was where the American fighters (colonists) learned how to fight and recoup their plans
Government is establish for the benefit for all people
This was part of the constitution
Governments are created by an agreement between God and kings
This was not part of the constitution
People tend to change governments too quickly without much thought
This was not part of the constitution
A government should be changed when it no longer serves the basic need of the people
This was part of the constitution
The people who will be governed by a government should establish it
This was part of the constitution
The basic reason for forming a new government is to divide property equally among all people
This was not part of the constitution
All people have certain basic rights that no government can take away
This was part of the constitution
Kings and Aristocats have more rights that common people
This was not part of the constitution
The king of England has tried to compromise with the colonists
This was not part of the constitution
The king has not responded to the colonists repeated attempts to make their grievances known to him
This was part of the constitution
The colonists declare their continued loyalty to the king
This was not part of the constitution
The colonists are to be independent states
This was part of the constitution
despotism
rule by a tyrant with absolute power – it means “master”
Note 
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