The legislative branch is made up of the House and Senate, known collectively as the Congress. They are the only branch that can make new laws and change existing laws.
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legislative branch powers
makes all laws, declares war, regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending policies.
\-Confirms justices
\-Can impeach officials
\-Can override a veto (with a 2/3 majority vote)
\-Can overturn executive orders
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executive branch
The executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the president, vice president, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees.
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executive branch powers
nominate Cabinet members and Supreme Court Justices and other high officials, veto bills and sign bills, enforce the laws that Congress passes
\-Appoints justices
\-Can veto legislation
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judicial branch
The judicial branch decides the constitutionality of federal laws and resolves other disputes about federal laws. However, judges depend on our government's executive branch to enforce court decisions.
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judicial branch powers
Federal courts enjoy the sole power to interpret the law, determine the constitutionality of the law, and apply it to individual cases.
\-Can overturn legislation
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Delegated Powers
Powers granted under the constitution
Ex. Establish a court system: national government
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Denied powers
Powers denied to the government to maintain checks and balances.
Ex. Can’t Tax imports and exports: State governments
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Implied powers
Powers implied to be available based on previous powers despite not being stated
Ex. Make “necessary and proper” laws to carry out powers: National government
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Concurrent powers
Powers exercised simultaneously by both the federal government and the state government.
Ex. Levy/Collect Taxes: State and National governments
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Reserved powers
A power reserved to one authority by the constitution
Ex. Regulate intrastate commerce: State government
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Two houses of Congress
Senate and House of Representatives
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Senate Total number
100, 2 per state
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House of Reps total #
435, based on population
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Senate length of a term
6 years , midterms every 2 years
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House length of term
2 years , midterms every 2 years
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gerrymandering
When districts are manipulated based on who lives their to favor a party
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Where does a bill go once its introduced
It goes to a committee for inspection, then if approved, to the Senate
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How does a bill become a law?
The House and the Senate have to pass it, the president has to confirm it.
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Which house is it easier to limit debate?
The House, senate debate is unlimited
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How much do the houses need to pass a bill?
Majority
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Fillibuster
When the Senate can speak for unlimited time to delay voting . can be stopped with 60 vote majority
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