Studied by 483 People
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Hearing
an automatic reaction of the senses and nervous system to sound
Listening
the process of understanding what was said
Active
the listener participates and shares in the communication process by guiding the speaker toward common interests
Passive
the listener does not share in the responsibility, nor involve himself in the communication process
Discriminative
Listening by singling out one sound from a noisy environment
Appreciative
Listening used to enjoy pleasurable sounds like music, song or nature
Deliberative
Listening to understand, analyze, and evaluate messages so you can make a decision
Empathic
Listening that encourages people to talk freely without fear of embarrassment
Critical
Listening used to analyze and evaluate a message for logic and value
Filters
Our experiences and background that taints the information we hear
Nonverbal Communication
A system of symbolic behaviors that includes all forms of communication, except words, that transmits meaning.
Subconscious
nonverbal communication is often sent and received on a ___________ level. We are usually not aware of the messages we send nonverbally.
Contextual
nonverbal communication depends on the situation in which it occurs.
Ambiguous
the meaning is open to interpretation and often confusing.
Cultural
nonverbal communication has a distinct cultural nature.
Proxemics
Also known as proximity; knowledge that deals with the amount of space that people feel is necessary to set between themselves and others and the message it conveys.
Small Group
At least 3, but not more than 15 people
Synergy
The idea that two heads are better than one
Rules
Specific guidelines related to specific issues; are often written down formally
Norms
Standards that govern behavior; are rarely written down, just understood
Roles
Consistent ways you communicate with others in a group
Group Cohesiveness
The degree of attraction that members of a group feel toward one another and the group.
Groupthink
A tendency in groups to become more focused on reaching a solution than exploring the problem fully (Challenger)
Panel Discussion
Informal discussion that takes place in front of an audience
Round Table Discussion
A conference for discussion, or deliberation, by several participants
Symposium
Formal while presenting opposing points of view (ex. debate between two opponents)
Town Hall Meeting
An American term given to an informal public meeting, function, or event derived from the traditional town meetings of New England.
Intrapersonal
language used or thought internal to the communicator
Self-Awareness
your level of knowledge about yourself
Self-Esteem
how you feel about yourself
Personality
emotions, thoughts, and behavior patterns that a person has
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
when you make a prediction that comes true because you made the prediction and acted on it as if it were true.
Self Disclosure
providing information to others that they would not learn if we did not tell them
Reciprocity
we expect others to share similar information
Open self-disclosure
Known to you and others
Blind self-disclosure
Known to others, not known to you
Hidden self-disclosure
Know to you, not known to others
Unknown self-disclosure
Not known to you or others
Interpersonal
communication between 2 persons or among a small group of persons
Interpersonal Attraction
the degree to which you desire to form or maintain a relationship
Visual Learners
symbols, boxes, charts, images, and colors
Aural Learners
A passion for words, writing, tongue twisters, and rhymes
Verbal Learners
Prefer listening, sounds, and music
Physical Learners
Prefer moving, doing, and touching to learn
Logical Learners
Prefer to understand the "whole picture"
Social Learners
Prefer to learn in groups instead of on their own
Solitary Learners
Prefer to learn on their own instead of in groups
Introverts
Prefer solitary activities, Get exhausted by social interaction & are Sensitive to external stimulation (e.g. sound, sight, or smell)
Extroverts
Prefer group activities, Get energized by social interaction & Tend to be more enthusiastic and more easily excited
Sensing Personalities
Highly practical, pragmatic, and down-to-earth, Strong habits, & Focus on what is happening or has already happened
Intuition Personalities
Very imaginative, open-minded, and curious, Prefer novelty over stability & Focus on hidden meanings and future possibilities
Thinking Personalities
Focus on rationality, prioritizing logic over emotions, Tend to hide their feelings & Efficiency is more important than cooperation
Feeling Personalities
Sensitive and emotionally expressive, more empathic and less competitive, & Focus on social harmony and cooperation
Judging Personalities
Decisive, thorough, and highly organized, Value clarity, predictability, and closure, & Prefer structure and planning to spontaneity
Perceiving Personalities
Very good at improvising and spotting opportunities, Flexible, relaxed nonconformists, & Prefer keeping their options open
Communication
a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior
Public Communication
a large group of people
Mass Communication
via TV or radio, news, debates
Organizational Communication
communication within a business & communicating with co-workers
Context
an environment where communication is taking place
Sender/Receiver
people involved in the communication
Message
what is being communicated
Channel
the method of communication (e-mail, letter, face-to-face, speech)
Feedback
reaction to communication (verbal or nonverbal)
Noise
anything that interferes with communication
Physical
actual audible interference
Psychological/physiological
the individual psychological state
Semantic
ambiguity in language
Denotative
Conveys content; the actual, literal dictionary definition of a word
Connotative
Conveys emotion and feelings; the emotional and imaginative association surrounding a word
Formal
Interview language
Standard
Day to day language used with the general population
Informal / Slang
Used with friends and peers & Contains dialectical words and slang unique to that particular region or group of people
Technical
Words used that are specific to a particular activity, Also known as jargon
Imagery
Language that creates pictures
Metaphor
Figure of speech - Compares two usually unrelated things
Simile
Uses the words "like" or "as"
Allusion
Reference to a well-known person, place or thing
Parallelism
Using the same grammatical form to express ideas that should be treated equally
Antithesis
Contrast of one term to another
Oxymoron
Places opposition directly side-by-side
Irony
Things that imply the opposite of what they seem to say on the surface
Personification
Giving human characteristics to nonhuman things
Hyperbole
Exaggeration of the truth