Biology reproduction

urethra

The tube, which the sperm live the penis

penis

release of urine and or sperm

prostate gland

The male gland that adds fluid to nourish the sperm

sperm tube

transports sperm from testes to urethra

Scrotum/scrotum sac

insures that sperm is kept at temperature lower than 37.5°

Testes

production of sperm

fallopian tube / oviduct

carries eggs ( ova) from the ovary to the uterus

uterus womb

foetus will develop if pregnancy occurs

ovary

produces eggs (ova)

Cervix

opening of the uterus

Vagina

sperm is deposited during sex

gametes

Over and sperm cells are gametes or sex cells

What process are sperm cells produced?

Meiosis

What hormone influences sperm production?

Testosterone

Where are sperm cells produced?

Testes

How many chromosomes are present in sperm and egg cells?

23

What are sperm cells specialised for carrying out their function

tail/flagollum, and small, motile

How are egg cells specialised for carrying out their function?

They are large and food is reserved

Where do both cells meet?

Oviduct/fallopian tube

Name the process which occurs when haploid sperm cell and haploid egg cell meet to form diploid zygote

Fertilisation

What is a cell that is produced when they meet

Zygote

how many chromosomes does a zygote have?

46

What happens to a diploid once it has been produced

It travels down the oviduct and becomes embedded in uterus lining

what must a developing embryo have

Oxygen and digested food

How are digested food and oxygen obtained?

placenta

What is an amnion

Protective membrane

During pregnancy, what passes from the mother to the fetus

oxygen glucose

what does the umbilical vein do?

Carries oxygen and glucose from maternal circulation to fetus/embryo

What does umbilical artery do?

Carrie urea, CO2, another waste back up to maternal circulation

What are the three types of contraception?

Mechanical, chemical and surgical

What is female sterilisation?

oviducts are cut oviducts can’t travel through oviduct

what are three ethical issues surrounding IVF

Discarding excess embryos

Not affordable

Bypassing, natural method of contraception

Creation of life in the lab

I what are for common fertility problems

Complications of STDs

Lining of the uterus to thin for implantation to occur

Impotence in males

Blocked/twisted ovaries

How long does the menstrual cycle last

28 days

What happens in the first 4 to 5 days of the cycle?

The thick spongy lining breaks down and passes out of the uterus along with the unfertilised ovum (menstruation)

what happens at D 14 of the menstrual cycle

Ovulation occurs when an ovum is released The ovum travels along the oviduct towards the uterus lining of the universe continues to grow until day 28.

What is a haploid?

A cell or nucleus with half the normal number of chromosomes