Midterms - Physics - Temperature and Heat (terms only)

Temperature

Degree of hotness or coldness of an object; Measure of the AVERAGE molecular kinetic energy of the particles on a sample.

Fahrenheit to Celsius

(*given-32)*5/9

Celsius to Fahrenheit

(*given-9/5)+32

Kelvin temperature scale

This scale with an extrapolated zero-pressure temperature

Lord Kelvin

The kelvin temperature scale was named after the British physicist

100C

Boiling point of water

0C

Freezing point of water

-78C

CO¬2 solidifies

-183

Oxygen liquifies

-273

Absolute zero

Heat

Energy in transit from hot to cold

Heat

transfer of energy between a system and its environment due to a temperature difference between them.

Heat

energy that flows from a higher- temperature object to a lower-temperature object because of a difference in temperatures.

joule (J)

SI unit of Heat

INTERNAL ENERGY

The sum of the random distribution of kinetic and potential energies of its atoms and molecules.

Specific heat capacity

the quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of a unit mass through a unit degree.

J

SI unit of quantity of heat transferred from the object

kg

SI unit of mass of the object

J/(kg·Co – SI unit of specific heat capacity of the material the object is composed of

Co – SI unit of resulting temperature change of the object

Conduction

the process whereby heat is transferred directly through a material, with any bulk motion of the material playing no role in the transfer.

Convection

the process in which heat is carried from place to place by the bulk movement of a fluid

Radiation

the process in which energy is transferred by electromagnetic waves