Lecture Personality

Personality

Long-standing traits and patterns that influence consistent thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Galen’s Four Temperaments

Melancholic, Choleric, Phlegmatic, Sanguine.

Id

Innate, unconscious driving force; animalistic compulsion for pleasure.

Ego

Develops early; realizes self and mediates between Id and Superego.

Superego

Acts as a guardian, ensuring behavior aligns with social norms.

Denial

Defense mechanism where a person refuses to acknowledge reality or facts.

Displacement

Switching emotions from one target to another.

Projection

Attributing one's own unwanted thoughts or feelings to someone else.

Rationalization

Justifying behaviors by assigning reasonable explanations.

Sublimation

Channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.

Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development

Five stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital.

Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development

Eight stages: Trust vs. mistrust, Autonomy vs. shame/doubt, Initiative vs. guilt, Industry vs. inferiority, Identity vs. confusion, Intimacy vs. isolation, Generativity vs. stagnation, Integrity vs. despair.

Bandura’s Reciprocal Determinism

The concept that behavior, personal factors, and environment continuously influence each other.

Self-Efficacy

Confidence in one’s own abilities, affecting approach to challenges.

Locus of Control

The degree to which individuals believe they have control over the outcome of events.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A motivational theory comprising a five-tier model of human needs.

Cattell’s 16 Key Traits

Key personality traits identified by Cattell: Warmth, Emotional Stability, etc.

Eysenck’s Three Key Dimensions

Extraversion vs. Introversion, Neuroticism vs. Stability, Psychoticism vs. Superego Control.

The Five Factor Model

Personality model comprising five traits: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.

Cultural-comparative approach

Analyzing personality within a cultural context.

Regional Personality Clusters

Examples of personality types found in different regions.

MMPI

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, a psychological assessment.

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Projective test consisting of ambiguous inkblots.

Thematic Apperception Test

Projective test assessing personality through storytelling.