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Chem Mid-Term
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AP Chemistry
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1
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List four examples of physical changes
Tearing Crushing boiling Melting
2
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List four examples of chemical changes.
Chemical reaction, burning, rusting and rotting
3
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Water is a?
Compound
4
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Saltwater is a?
Homogenous Mixture
5
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Pepperoni Pizza is a?
Hetrogenous Mixture
6
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Copper is a?
Element
7
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Distillation
a liquid is boiled to produce vapor that is then condensed again into a liquid
8
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Filtration
Process to separate solids from fluids by using a medium through which the fluid can pass, but the solids are retained
9
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Chromatography
Ese of paper, gel or clay to separate a mixture.
10
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3\.56 X 10-3
0\.003.56
11
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678, 000
6\.78 X 10^5
12
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Density is?
Mass/Volume
13
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What do elements in the same group have in common?
They all have the same amount of valence electrons.
14
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Name the groups of the periodic table.
Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition metals, Halogens and noble gases
15
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What is the trend for first ionization energy across a row? Why does this trend occur? Which element has the highest ionization energy?
It increases going to right and decreases going down. it is the energy needed to remove electrons. Helium has the highest
16
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Which element has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine
17
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Define cation
Positive end
18
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Define anion.
Negative end
19
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What does it mean when an ion is positive?
It has more protons than electrons
20
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What does it mean when an ion is negative?
It has more electrons than protons
21
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Name three characteristics of ionic bonds.
Crystalline solids, High melting points, dissolve in water METALS
22
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Name three characteristics of covalent bonds.
Soft solids, liquids or gases, low melting points, cant conduct electricity in solutions or when melted.
23
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Phosphorus pentachloride
PCl^5
24
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What does a Roman numeral mean when written in a name?
It represents the charge.
25
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Which gases are diatomic?
hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I)
26
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What are the three main types of nuclear decay? Which one is non-particle?
Beta Decay
Alpha Decay
Gamma Decay- Non-particle
27
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Differentiate between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
A saturated hydrocarbon has all single bonds
28
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Define isomer.
Same formula different structure
29
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Distinguish between aldehydes and ketones.
Aldehydes at least one hydrogen is attached to the carbonyl carbon. In ketones, there are two carbons bonded to the carbonyl carbon.
30
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Name and define the four biomolecules.
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids.
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