Summary of other drugs

Antifungal drugs

Medications used to treat fungal infections.

Cell wall

The outermost layer of a fungal cell that provides structural support.

Cell membrane

The lipid bilayer that surrounds the fungal cell and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Nucleus

The central organelle of a fungal cell that contains the genetic material.

Echinocandins

Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis in fungi by irreversibly inhibiting beta-(1,3)-d-glucan synthase.

Caspofungin

An echinocandin drug used to treat invasive candidiasis and aspergillus infections.

Micafungin

An echinocandin drug used to treat invasive candidiasis and prophylaxis against Candida and Aspergillus species in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation.

Ergosterol

A sterol found in the cell membrane of fungi that is essential for their survival.

Amphotericin B

An antifungal drug that binds to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, causing cell death.

Fluconazole

An antifungal drug that inhibits fungal oxidative enzymes and prevents the synthesis of ergosterol.

Ketoconazole

An antifungal drug that inhibits ergosterol synthesis and has hepatotoxic side effects.

Terbinafine

An antifungal drug that interferes with ergosterol biosynthesis and inhibits the formation of the fungal cell membrane.

Griseofulvin

A drug that disrupts the mitotic spindle and blocks replication in mitosis in fungi.

Flucytosine

A drug that inhibits DNA synthesis in fungi by inhibiting thymidylate synthase.

Protozoa

Eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that can cause infections ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening.

Vector-borne

Transmission of protozoa through the bite of blood-sucking insects.

Fecal-oral

Transmission of protozoa through accidental ingestion of infective stages.

Malaria

A disease caused by protozoa, usually transmitted through mosquito bites.

Plasmodium

The genus of protozoa that causes malaria.

Quinine

A drug used to treat the acute attack of malaria by affecting the symptoms but not the cause.

Primaquine

A drug that targets parasites in the liver and destroys gametocytes, reducing the spread of infection.

Chloroquine

A drug that inhibits the formation of haemozoin, leading to the death of plasmodium parasites.

Doxycycline

A drug used to block the link between exo-erythrocytic and erythrocytic stages of malaria.

Resistance

The ability of parasites to withstand the effects of drugs, leading to treatment failure.

Blockage of transmission

The action of preventing the transmission of a parasite from one host to another.

Gametocytes

The sexual stage of the parasite's life cycle, responsible for transmission to the next host.

Proguanil

A drug used to block the transmission of parasites, particularly gametocytes.

Pyrimethamine

A medication used to prevent the transmission of parasites, specifically targeting gametocytes.

Primaquine

A drug utilized to block the transmission of parasites, with a specific focus on gametocytes.