Chapter 2

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10 Terms

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Bioecological Systems Theory

Development is influenced by multiple layers of environment.

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Prefrontal Cortex

Responsible for complex, conscious thinking.

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Accommodation

The process of adjusting current thinking to accommodate new information in Piaget’s theory.

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Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

Tasks that children can perform only with assistance, according to Vygotsky.

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K-2 Language Development

Children have knowledge of 8,000–14,000 words by age 6.

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Bilingualism Advantage

Improved metalinguistic awareness.

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Language Components

Geography is NOT a component of language that children must master.

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Children's Reasoning

Children construct knowledge from experiences, rather than being passive learners.

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Scaffolding

Supports students in tasks they cannot complete alone, according to Vygotsky.

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Second Language Learning

Total immersion is the best approach for native English speakers learning a second language in an English-speaking country.