World Wars CH 13, 15 Revised

for euro exam ch 13 15

What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany? (WW2)

What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany? (WW2)

German invasion of Poland

Policy of unrestricted submarine warfare (WW1)

Germany's policy to sink any ship in British waters without warning

The German blitzkrieg (WW2) was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?

Surprise and overwhelming force

What prompted US to join WW2?

Attack on Pearl Harbor

Significance of the Battle of Midway in WW2

Turned the war in Pacific against the Japanese

Location of Nazi extermination camp

Auschwitz

Where were atomic bombs dropped?

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

What is the policy of glorifying power and keeping an army prepared for war?

Militarism

Which nation's actions caused the U.S. to fight in WWI?

Germany

Triple Entente, Allied Powers 1907

Britain, France, Russia

Triple Alliance, Central Powers 1882

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Leader of Germany WW1

Kaiser Wilhelm II

WW1 Eastern Front

along the German and Russian border.

WW2 Western Front

French Battlefields

Primary form of warfare on the Western Front

Trench warfare

Zimmerman Note (Last Straw)

Message proposing alliance between Germany and Mexico

Gallipoli Campaign

(1915) Failed attempt by the Allies in World War I to take control of the Dardanelles

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

ended war w/ Ger. & Russia was forced to give up lands.

Black Hand

secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule.

2nd Battle of the Marne

Last major German offensive. Tried to get Paris. Stopped by effort of Allies

Armistice

Agreement to Stop Fighting: Surrender.

Plan for peace, End secret treaties, Freedom of Seas, Free Trade, Reduce national armies/navies

14 Points

Versailles Effect

No Lasting Peace, Germans Bitter

Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WWI and gave harsh punishment.

Treaty of Versailles

Temperary alliance of several parties, did not agree

Coalitian Government

Weak Democratic government established in Germany after World War I. Germans blamed them for defeat/post-war humiliation.

Weimar Republic (1919-1933)

Why were European Democratic Govs not succesful?

New democracies in Europe were unstable, Coalition Governments

Attempt by the U.S. to strengthen Germany's economy and help pay reparations.

Dawes Plan (1924)

Almost all world countries pledged not to use the threat of war.; agreement to outlaw war.

Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)

Militant political ideology; loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader.

Fascism

Accepting aggressor's demands in order to avoid conflict

Appeasement

Nuremberg Trials (Postwar)

put Nazis on trial for "crimes against humanity"

How does US occupy postwar Japan?

Demilitarization, Democratization, Economic Reforms:

What region was referred to as Europe's "powder keg"?

Balkan Peninsula

What was the purpose of the Schlieffen Plan?

To avoid fighting a two front war

What Allied leader was NOT one of "The Big Three" that met in Paris to decide the fate of Germany?

Winston Churchill

What caused Great Britain to declare war on Germany in WW1?

German Invasion of neutral Belgium

What Front had WW1's fiercest fighting scene?

Western Front

Munich Conference was called to help decide the fate of which country?

Czechoslovakia

WWII battle in which German forces launched a final counterattack in the west, Last gasp of the Third Reich

Battle of the Bulge

Battle of British (RAF) and German (Luftwaffe) air forces fought over Britain during 1940-1941

Battle of Britain

Hitler combined offices of Chancellor and President after which German president death?

Paul Von Hindenburg

American navy attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. Bought American navy closer to an invasion of Japan.

Island Hopping