LESSON 1: Kinship, Marriage, and Households

Kinship

refers to culturally recognized family ties through blood forming social structures, roles, and obligations.

Different types of Kinship

Kinship by Blood/Consanguineal Kinship and Affinal Kinship.

Kinship by Blood/Consanguineal Kinship

this type of kin are related through blood.The bond between parents and their children and that between siblings is consanguineous kinship. Siblings are the children of the same parents. Thus, son, brother, sister, uncle, auntie, nephew, niece and cousin are claffified in this type of kin. i.e., related through blood. In this connection it may be pointed out that blood relationship may be actual as well as supposed.

Descent

biological relationship

Lineage

line where one’s descent is traced

Unillineal Descent

is traced through a single ancestor. (Patrilineal, Matrilinea, Bilateral)

Patrilineal

is traced through the father

Matrilineal

is traced through the mother

Bilateral

is traced through both parents

Affinal Kinship

The bond of marriage. When a person marries, he establishes relationship not only with the girl whom he marries but also with a number of other people in the girl’s family. For example, after marriage a person becomes not only a husband, but he also becomes brother-in-law and son-in- law.

Types of Affinal Kinship

Monogamy, Polygamy (Polygyny, Polygandry), Endogamy, Exogamy

Monogamy

(a couple of man and woman: christian)

Polygamy

having many spouses all at ones

Polygyny

man has many wives

Polyandry

woman has many husbands

Endogamy

compulsary marriage(forced) village, community, ethnic, social, religious group

Exogamy

out-marriage," is a social rule or custom requiring individuals to marry outside of their own specific kinship, clan, or social group. As the opposite of endogamy, it is used to foster alliances between different groups, reduce inbreeding, and prevent incest. It is a near-universal practice. 

Neolocal

independent from place of residence of both partners. “new”

Patrilocal

living beside husband’s kind

Matrilocal

living besides wife’s kin

Bilocal

alternately living (husband or wife)

Types of Marriage

Referred Marriage and Arranged Marriage

Referred Marriage

matchmaker

Arranged Marriage

by parents, tribe leaders,

Types of Arranged Marriage

Child Marriage, Exchange Marriage, Diplomatic Marriage, Modern Marriage

Child Marriage

pinagkasundo

Diplomatic Marriage

happens between 2 royals/political allies

Exchange Marriage

between 2 countries, tribes, group

Modern Marriage

parents + child choose several possible mater