Infectious disease FITB CPK

The main GI anaerobe is __________________

Bacteroides fragilis

Pseudomembranous colitis is caused by _____________

Clostridioides difficile

The first line treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection is ______________

oral vancomycin

Oxacillin, nafcillin, and dicloxacillin are in the _________ penicillin drug class.

penicillinase resistant

The empiric treatment of meningitis for most adults is vancomycin plus ______ .

ceftriaxone

_______________________ is the only penicillin beta-lactamase inhibitor combination that has activity against _____________________

Piperacillin/tazobactam, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

_______________________ is the only carbapenem that does NOT have activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Ertapenem

_________________ is the only carbapenem that must be given with a dehydropeptidase inhibitor.

Imipenem

________________ is an intravenous agent in the monobactam drug class.

Aztreonam

_______________'s spectrum of activity includes only __________________ microorganisms.

Aztreonam, aerobic Gram-negative

_______________ is an example of an (intravenous) _________________ cephalosporin.

Cefazolin, intravenous first-generation

___________ is an example of an (oral) ______________ cephalosporin.

Cephalexin, oral first-generation

The intravenous second generation cephalosporins include _________________, _____________, and ________________

cefotetan, cefoxitin, cefuroxime

____________ and ___________ are cephalosporins that have activity against major anaerobic organisms.

Cefotetan and Cefoxitin

The oral third generation cephalosporins include ______, ______, ______, ______, and ______,

cefpodoxime

cefdinir

cefixime

ceftibuten

cefditoren

The intravenous third generation cephalosporins include __________, __________, and ______________

cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime

_________________ is a third-generation cephalosporin for the treatment of infections caused by ____________________________

Ceftazidime, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

____________ is the only fourth generation cephalosporin.

Cefepime

______, ______, ______, ______, ______, and ______, are examples of beta-lactamase inhibitors.

Clavulanate

sulbactam

tazobactam

avibactam

vaborbactam

relebactam

The ______________ drug class may cause __________________, thus drugs in this class require ______________ and drug level monitoring.

aminoglycoside, nephrotoxicity, renal

Oral _____________ and ________________should NOT be administered concomitantly with any product that contains metal cations.

fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines

____________ and ______________ should be avoided in patients receiving class Ia or class III anti-arrhythmic agents.

Fluoroquinolones and macrolides

__________________ is the only agent in the fluoroquinolone drug class that does not concentrate into the urine, thus should NOT be used for urinary tract infections.

Moxifloxacin

Although any systemic antibiotic may cause Clostridioides difficile infection, __________________ is associated with a higher incidence.

clindamycin

______________ is not used as commonly as other macrolides mainly due to its side effect profile.

Erythromycin

______________ is commonly used to treat infections caused by atypical organisms.

Azithromycin

__________________ is the only anti-MRSA beta-lactam.

ceftaroline

Invasive MRSA infections are usually treated with ___________________

vancomycin

Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus infections are usually treated with __________ or ____________

linezolid or daptomycin

___________________ is commonly used for the treatment of anaerobic infections.

metronidazole

______________ may cause a ______________ reaction if taken with ________________

metronidazole , disulfiram, alcohol

____________________ should NOT be used in patients who are allergic to sulfa.

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

The treatment of choice for Pneumocystis pneumonia is ____________________

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

The ___________________ drug class should NOT be used in children less than 8 years of age.

tetracycline

Drug classes that cover the _____________organisms include _____________, _________________, and _________________

atypical, tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones

________________ and ______________ are approved for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Truvada and Descovy

The oral form of penicillin is penicillin ____________

VK

The IV form of penicillin is penicillin _________

G

The long-acting IM form of penicillin is ___________________________________

penicillin G benzathine

Rapid infusion of _______________ can lead to a ____________________ syndrome.

vancomycin, flushing

Tuberculosis is caused by _____________ tuberculosis

Mycobacterium

Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia is often caused by

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia is often caused by

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Community-acquired bacterial meningitis is often caused by

Neisseria meningitidis

___________,____________, and ________________ are often the drugs of choice for the treatment of urinary tract infections.

nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Rifampin is a potent________________, thus requires monitoring for many drug interactions

CYP3A4 inducer

is the drug of choice for the treatment of _________________ (UG.

Ceftriaxone, uncomplicated gonorrhea

__________________ in combination with ______________________ are the drugs of choice for the treatment of _______________

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors, nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV infection

_______________ have been associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture, particularly in older adults.

Fluoroquinolones

Patients treated with _________________ who are concurrently taking ACE inhibitors or ARBs have an increased risk for ______________. This interaction is most commonly seen in older patients.

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, hyperkalemia