humanities final

music eras in order

Greek and Roman 

Middle Ages 

Renaissance 

Baroque 

Classical 

Romantic 

20th Century

Who are Leonin and Perotin?

middle age composers:

Leonin (1135-1200) 

• Composer from Notre Dame 

• -measured rhythm w/ time values and precise meters 

• Organum duplum 
  

Perotin (1170-1236) 

• Used more than 2 voices in his compositions 

• Cantus firmus, fixe melody, chant 

Characteristics of Baroque period

• lots of emotion

• stark contrast between rythym and notes

• write for specific instruments

• tonality: major and minor chords

composers of the Baroque period

Bach, Handel, Vivaldi

what is different about baroque from classical?

use of organum (polyphony) and harpsichord

characteristics of classical style

1. Variety and contrast in mood 

2. Flexibility of rhythm 

3. Homophonic texture

   1. Chord supports melody 

4. Memorable Melody

5. Gradual changes in dynamics 

composers of classical period

beethoven, mozart, haydn

characteristics of the romantic period

Made everything very emotional, big tones and changes in sound

Know what Lieder and Symphonic Poems are

art song, music that tells a story (just by title or through background) in romantic period

famous composers of romantic period

chopin, litz, brahms

3 characteristics of non-traditional Romantic period music

complex rythyms, Atonality, Harmonies

Know why Ives, Bernstein and Gershwin were different American composers

Ives: Experimentation, mixing unexpected sounds

Gershwin: Blending classical with jazz/blues

Bernstein: Big communicator, conductor, educator

composers who broke away from the Romantic sounds

Stravinsky and Schoenberg

Know the difference between Serialism, Minimalism and Aleatoric music.

Serialism: control

Minimalism: keeping it simple, repeating over and over again

Aleatoric: random

Identify the 3 types of Pluralism in the late 20th Century.

African American

Asian

Native American

3 types of shows musical theater came from

Burlesque, Minstrel, Vaudeville

Identify why musical theater became a respectable art form.

Deals with social problems and cultures

Know the impact of recording studios on today’s music.

Microphones, layering, several takes, can write down chords

what type of STAGE was used for Commedia ‘Dell Arte performances?

temporary market or street scene, uses props

TWO of the elements of Commedia ‘Dell Arte

• use of stock characters

  • costumes and masks represented the characters

  • characters were recognized no matter what country or town they traveled to

• stage set up and set design was basic; able to put up and tear down

how did Commedia ‘Dell Arte unite?

humor found funny everywhere, stock characters made easy to understand

why do we study Shakespeare?

his plays were meant to be preformed, which is where the emotion comes from

his plays applied to everyone because the characters were moved by emotions and center of interest

How did the filmmaker (Baz Luhrman) and the choreographer (Jerome Robbins, West Side Story) take Shakespeare’s story and translate it across a specific genre (film and musical theatre)?

• Baz Luhrman

  • special effects and eye catching set.

  • audience who is used to movies of this age, usually jam-packed with action.

  • used guns as the weapon.

• Jerome Robbins

  • dance (expression)

  • modern setting

  • gang dynamics

hamlet

clip #1: in mirror, fighting against himself, insanity

clip #2: ocean shows waves of turmoil, on cliff

clip #3: in grave, talks to tombs, loud

clip #4: emo, bedroom, quieter

clip #5: one spotlight, lowkey expressions, eye contact, leans in

What is the term for a “picture-frame” style stage?

Proscenium

Be able to identify some of the characteristics of realism

• “True to life” = REALISM

• Characters are believable, everyday types / costumes are authentic

• Stage settings are usually indoors and believable

• The “box set” consists of 3 walls, and the invisible “fourth wall” that faces the audience

the davids

Donatello

• EARLY renaissance

  • natural ideas and humanism

• BRONZe (black) statue

• calm after victory

• young

Michelangelo

• high renaissance

• big one fr

• before battle

• shows greek idealistic

Bernini

• baroque

• in MOTION, swinging the rock

• emotional, that one MOMENT of action that draws the veiwer in

baroque art

very dramatic, light against dark background, scientific reasoning and discovery, absolutism (legitamize), counter ref

(Caravaggio, Bernini, Peter Paul Rubens)

renissance

brings the viewer in, uses geometry and depth

(Michelangelo, Raphaelo, Donatello, Leonardo da Vinci)

midevil

hierarchy of scale, jesus, jesus, jesus, mary, and did i mention jesus?

Rococo

light and frilly, ornamental, crazy affairs, carelessness, coquette, WHIMSICAL

(Boucher, Fragonard, Watteau)

neo-classical art

REACTION TO ROCOCO

more serious themes

political stuff like napoleon

very clear

(Jaques Louis David, Ingress)

romanticism

• raw emotion and has themes and visuals that are a bit difficult to look at

• war

• myth

(Ingress- both periods of time,- Delacroix, Gericault)

chiaroscuro (baroque)

lighting

sfumato

smoky

fresco

wet plaster, think sistine chapel, Rennisance

realism

everyday people and activities

(Manet, Courbet)

impressionsim

visible brush strokes, LOTS of color, drawings we did in class