APUSH Ch. 7 Vocab: PART 2

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

a Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the constitution. For the first time, the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.

Louisiana Purchase

The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and nearly doubled the size of the US. The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.

Embargo Act of 1807

an Act of Congress that prohibited US ships from traveling to foreign ports in an attempt to deter Britain and France from holding US ships at sea. the Embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce

Battle of Tippencanoe

An attack on Shawnee Indians and their allies at Prophetstown on the Tippecanoe River in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison, Indiana's territorial governor. The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.

Treaty of Ghent

the treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812. It retained the prewar borders of the US.

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

a Supreme Court case that denied the right of states to tax the Second Bank of the United States, thereby asserting the dominance of national over state statutes.

Adams-Onís Treaty

In 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the US. In return, the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.

Monroe Doctrine

The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers. In exchange, Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles