Cross-Species Sleep

Species: Human

Sleep: ~7-9 h (adult).

REM: Yes.

Notes: Decline of SWS/REM with age.

Species: Drosophila (fly)

Sleep: ~8-12 h (rest bouts).

REM: Sleep-like.

Notes: Homeostatic regulation; Shaker/sss genes

Species: Jellyfish (Cassiopea)

Sleep: Night quiescence.

REM: No.

Notes: Sleep-like state; reversibility; homeostasis.

Species: Cuttlefish

Sleep: Ultrashort REM-like bouts.

REM: REM-like.

Notes: Camouflage changes 100-200x more vs wake.

Species: Elephant seal

Sleep: Short sleep in dives.

REM: Yes.

Notes: Spiral sinking in REM.

Species: Echidna

Sleep: Controversial REM.

REM: Reduced/atypical.

Notes: REM-off intermediate cells.

Species: Sperm whale

Sleep: Drift-dive bouts ~7% time.

REM: Uni-/bi-hemispheric?.

Notes: Group sleep; low responsiveness