Studied by 1 person
Visceral fatness (apple shape)
fat that lies in the abdominal are
Subcutaneous fatness (pear shape)
fat stored directly under the skin
Basal metabolism
amount of energy required to carry out involuntary activities necessary to sustain life
Ghrelin
a hormone secreted by the stomach that signals the hypothalamus to feel hungry
Leptin
a hormone produced in the fat cells that suppress appetite
Appetite
the psychological desire to eat
Hunger
the psychological need to eat, a drive for getting food
A learned motivation for food is called...
appetite
Satiety
feeling full after eating
Energy density
a measure of the energy a food provides relative to the weight of the food (cals/gram)
Nutrient density
a measure of nutrients provided per calorie of food
Nutrient dense
foods with needed nutrients and low calories
Set point theory
the theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight overtime, keeping you from losing weight from diets
Waist circumference
a measurement of abdominal girth that indicates visceral fatness
Why are fad diets unsuccessful in the long term?
unrealistic and difficult to follow long term
Central obesity is a risk of what type of fatness?
visceral (apple shape)
Major chronic disease is a risk of what type of fatness?
visceral (apple shape)
What factors affect EER(estimated energy requirements)?
age, gender, weight, physical activity, and growth
What are the categories of BMI?
weight and height
What is a limitation of BMI?
can't detect the amount or location of fat
Bulimia
binge eating followed by vomiting
What disorder is more common in women?
bulimia
Anorexia
starving yourself
What social class tends to have anorexia?
upper-middle class
What disorder is more common in teenage girls
anorexia
Binge eating
over eating
What is the most common eating disorder?
binge eating disorder
Which eating disorder responds well to treatment?
binge eating disorder
How does age affect EER(estimated energy requirements)?
older people need less than younger people
How does fiber effect satiety?
fiber increases satiety
How does the body store excess energy from protein?
glucose and fat
How does the body store excess energy from carbs?
glycogen and fat
What percent of adults in the U.S are overweight?
69%
Who has seen a decrease in obesity?
low income children, women, and girls
BMI for underweight
less than 18.5
BMI for overweight
25-30
BMI for obese
greater then or equal to 30
BMI for extremely obese
greater than 40
How do you determine fatness?
BMI, waist circumference, and disease risk profile
Energy in
foods and beverages
Energy out
lifestyle and metabolism
How do you measure body composition?
waist circumference, skin fold test, and dual energy x-ray
Female athlete triad
eating disorder, amenorrhea, osteoporosis
Ketosis
breakdown of fat
Note
Flashcard