MODULE 11 (IPv6 ADDRESSING)

IPv6

are 128 bits in length and written in hexadecimal

Dual stack

The devices run both IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks simultaneously.

Tunneling

A method of transporting an IPv6 packet over an IPv4 network. The IPv6 packet is encapsulated inside an IPv4 packet.

Translation

Network Address Translation 64 (NAT64) allows IPv6-enabled devices to communicate with IPv4-enabled devices using a translation technique similar to NAT for IPv4.

IPv6 addresses

are not case-sensitive and can be written in either lowercase or uppercase.

hextet

is the unofficial term used to refer to a segment of 16 bits, or four hexadecimal values.

Omit Leading Zero

The first rule to help reduce the notation of IPv6 addresses is

Double Colon

can replace any single, contiguous string of one or more 16-bit hextets consisting of all zeros.

once

The double colon (::) can only be used ___ within an address, otherwise there would be more than one possible resulting address.

Unicast

uniquely identifies an interface on an IPv6-enabled device.

Multicast

is used to send a single IPv6 packet to multiple destinations.

Anycast

This is any IPv6 unicast address that can be assigned to multiple devices.

Prefix length

is represented in slash notation and is used to indicate the network portion of an IPv6 address.

Global Unicast Address (GUA)

This is similar to a public IPv4 address. These are globally unique, internet-routable addresses.

Link-local Address (LLA)

Required for every IPv6-enabled device and used to communicate with other devices on the same local link.

IPv6 unique local addresses

(range fc00::/7 to fdff::/7)

global routing prefix

is the prefix, or network, portion of the address that is assigned by the provider, such as an ISP, to a customer or site.

Subnet ID

is the area between the Global Routing Prefix and the Interface ID.

IPv6 interface ID

is equivalent to the host portion of an IPv4 address.

IPv6 GUA

are globally unique and routable on the IPv6 internet.

IPv6 LLA

enables a device to communicate with other IPv6-enabled devices on the same link and only on that link (subnet).

IPv6 LLA

are in the fe80::/10 range.

Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6)

Devices obtain GUA addresses dynamically through

Router Solicitation (RS)

messages are sent by host devices to discover IPv6 routers

Router Advertisement (RA)

messages are sent by routers to inform hosts on how to obtain an IPv6 GUA and provide useful network information such as:

• Network prefix and prefix length

• Default gateway address

• DNS addresses and domain name

Stateless Address Auto-Configuration (SLAAC)

allows a device to configure a GUA without the services of DHCPv6.

Stateful DHCPv6

is similar to DHCP for IPv4. A device can automatically receive a GUA, prefix length, and the addresses of DNS servers from a ___ server.

Duplicate Address Detection (DAD)

To ensure the uniqueness of any IPv6 unicast address, the client may use a process known as

Well-Known IPv6 Multicast Addresses

are assigned and are reserved for predefined groups of devices.

ff02::1 All-nodes multicast group

This is a multicast group that all IPv6-enabled devices join. A packet sent to this group is received and processed by all IPv6 interfaces on the link or network.

ff02::2 All-routers multicast group

This is a multicast group that all IPv6 routers join. A router becomes a member of this group when it is enabled as an IPv6 router with the ipv6 unicast-routing global configuration command.

Solicited-Node IPv6 Multicast

is similar to the all-nodes multicast address.

subnet ID field

is the area between the Global Routing Prefix and the interface ID.