An expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, or interference while achieving goals.
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Affective Conflict
Occurs when people become aware that their emotions and feelings are incompatible.
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Policy Conflict
Incompatible preferences for a course of action, process, or plan to pursue.
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Value Conflict
Differences in ideologies or belief systems.
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Cognitive Conflict
Incompatible thought processes or perceptions.
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Goal Conflict
Disagreements on preferred outcomes, relating to the end result.
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Avoidance
A conflict management style characterized by inaction and withdrawal.
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Accommodation
A conflict management style where one entirely gives in to the other party's needs.
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Competition
A conflict management style where one side seeks to resolve the conflict their way, often at the expense of the other.
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Compromise
A conflict management style where both parties give up part of their goals to reach a mutual agreement.
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Collaboration
A conflict management style that seeks a win-win solution satisfying everyone's needs.
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Gottman's Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Four destructive signs in communication (Criticism, Defensiveness, Contempt, Stonewalling) that lead to relationship breakdown.
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Criticism
Attacking another person's character in a critical manner; often expressed using 'you' messages.
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Defensiveness
A reaction that aims to protect oneself by denying responsibility and counterattacking.
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Contempt
Belittling or ridiculing another person; considered the most destructive of the Four Horsemen.
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Stonewalling
Withdraws from the conversation, sending a disconfirming message that the other person does not matter.