Introduction to Cognition and Models of Cognition

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on cognition and its various models.

Cognition

Mental processes including perception, attention, memory, language, reasoning, and learning.

Model of Cognition

Frameworks for understanding how cognitive processes are studied and function.

Cognitive Psychology

Study of behavior to infer cognitive processes.

Cognitive Neuropsychology

Study of patients to infer cognitive processes.

Cognitive Neuroscience

Study of brain activity to infer cognitive processes.

Computational Cognitive Science

Use of formal models to test cognitive theories.

Information-Processing Models

Theoretical models that describe the mind as a computer manipulating symbols step-by-step.

Neural Network Models

Models suggesting cognition emerges from the interactions of simple units like neurons.

Predictive Coding Models

Models that view cognition as probabilistic inference, minimizing prediction error.

Mirror Neurons

Neurons that fire during the execution and observation of actions, involved in intention inference.

Apraxia

Neuropsychological syndrome characterized by difficulty in performing gestures.

Motor Learning

The process of improving speed, accuracy, and precision of movement over time through practice and observation.

Observational Learning

Acquiring skills by watching others perform tasks.

Serial Reaction Time (SRT) Task

An experimental task to measure learning through responses to visual stimuli presented in sequences.

EEG (Electroencephalography)

A non-invasive method of measuring brain activity by recording electrical signals through the scalp.

fMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

A non-invasive imaging technique that measures blood oxygen level-dependent signals to assess brain activity.

TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation)

A non-invasive technique that uses magnetic pulses to modulate neural activity.

Cognitive Neuroscience

Field that combines cognitive psychology and neuroscience to study the biological processes underlying cognition.

Sensorimotor Simulation

The neural mechanisms that support empathy through mimicry of observed actions.

Bayesian Models

Cognitive models that rely on probability to predict and interpret sensory information.

Hierarchical Processing

The organization of processes in the brain that allows for complex cognition through layered processing.