4th Quarter Exam Review: Totalitarianism and WWII

What economic crisis led to the rise of dictators in the 1920s-30s?

The Great Depression.

How did dictators convince civilians to support them during the 1920s-30s?

They promised to fix the economy and appealed to nationalistic ideals.

What tactics did totalitarian leaders use to impact civilians?

They used fear to gain civilian support.

What were the primary goals of totalitarian leaders in the 1920s-30s?

To increase their economy and expand their territory.

What actions did totalitarian leaders take to achieve their goals?

They used secret police to seize and eliminate opposition.

How did Hitler defy the Treaty of Versailles?

He rebuilt the military in Germany.

What military strategy contributed to early German expansion during WWII?

Blitzkrieg, which involved swift aggression against opponents.

What was the impact of the League of Nations on the Munich Conference?

It demonstrated the League's ineffectiveness, as it allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland.

What was the significance of the Tripartite Pact?

It was an act of aggression that heightened tensions among imperialist powers.

What were two causes of WWII?

Fascism and the Treaty of Versailles.

What ideological differences existed between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War?

The US criticized the Soviet Union for limiting citizen freedoms.

What was the motive for U.S. involvement in Afghanistan concerning Russia?

To draw the Soviet Union into a costly war that weakened their economy.

What was McNamara's view on U.S. involvement in Vietnam?

He did not believe in the Domino Theory, so he thought it was pointless for the US to be involved.

What is the Domino Theory?

The idea that if one country falls to communism, neighboring countries will also fall.

What was one goal of the US during the Cold War?

To spread democracy.

What intervention did the USSR use to achieve its goals during the Cold War?

The Cuban Missile Crisis.

What did JFK convey with 'Ich bin ein Berliner'?

He affirmed that West Berlin was a free territory surrounded by a totalitarian state.

What international organization was established in 1945?

The United Nations.

What was the situation regarding land ownership during apartheid in South Africa?

White people, a minority, owned most of the land, while black people had limited land.

What does the term 'Iron Curtain' refer to?

The division between communist East Germany and capitalist West Germany.

What event caused the instant killing of tens of thousands at the end of WWII?

The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

What were Glasnost and Perestroika?

Economic reforms in the Soviet Union aimed at increasing transparency and restructuring the economy.

What was the Final Solution?

Hitler's plan for the eradication of the Jews.

What is fascism and how was it achieved in Germany?

Fascism is a far-right ideology where one party controls everything; Germany adopted it during WWI/WWII.

What was Operation Barbarossa and its significance?

It was a turning point in the Eastern Front where Germany suffered a major defeat.

What is the source of religious, political, and military turmoil between Israel and Palestine?

The area holds significant religious value for both Arabs and Israelis.

What was the intention of the Potsdam Conference post-WWII?

To disarm and demilitarize Germany.

Where do acts of terrorism predominantly originate from?

The Middle East, although it occurs globally.

What was the outcome of the Yalta Conference?

It led to the creation of a stronger United Nations.

What was the Weimar Republic?

The government of Germany following WWI.

What was the Holocaust?

A genocide led by Hitler that resulted in the deaths of millions, including Jews and other marginalized groups.