Module 1-3 Netacad

Flashcards for the CCNA Modules 1-3/ITN Exam

Fault Tolerance

Having redundancy; multiple paths to a destination.

Packet Switched Network

A network that splits traffic into multiple packets routed through a shared network.

Scalability

The ability to add a new network to an existing network.

Quality of Service (QoS)

A priority-based system to manage traffic congestion.

BYOD

The freedom for any device, with any ownership, used anywhere.

Cloud Computing

Leasing data center services from larger companies.

Public Clouds

Cloud services offered to the general population.

Private Clouds

Cloud services offered to a specific client.

Hybrid Clouds

A combination of public and private clouds.

Community Clouds

Cloud services for a specific type of client, like healthcare providers.

Powerline Networking

Transmitting information through electricity lines in homes.

Zero-day Attacks

Attacks occurring on the first day a vulnerability is known.

Internal Breaches

Most common data breaches. Caused by users from within the network.

Firewall Filtering

Blocks unauthorized access to devices.

Dedicated Firewall Systems

Filter large amounts of traffic with granularity.

Access Control Lists (ACL)

Filter access and traffic based on IPs and applications.

VPN

Secure access into a network for remote workers.

Data

The general term for the PDU used at the application layer.

Segment

The transport layer PDU.

Packet

The network layer PDU.

Frame

The data link layer PDU.

Bits

The physical layer PDU used for data transmission.

Shell

The user interface for requesting tasks in an operating system.

Kernel

Communicates between hardware and software in an operating system.

Console Connection

Out-of-band access to a device using a console port.

Secure Shell (SSH)

Recommended method for remote CLI access.

Telnet

Insecure method for remote CLI access.

Boldface

Commands and keywords entered literally in IOS.

Italics

Arguments for which values are supplied in IOS.

Abort Keystroke

Ctrl-Shift-6, used to abort commands in IOS.

enable secret ____

Secure Privileged Mode

ip address _ip_ ___default gateway___, make sure to also run “no shutdown” after

Configure IP Addresses

* Physical Layer

* Data Link Layer

* Network Layer

* Transport Layer

* Session Layer

* Presentation Layer

* Application Layer

OSI Reference Model Order

Network Access layer

Internet Layer

Transport Layer

Application Layer

Nine Idiots Took Americans Hostage

TCP/IP Protocol Layers

Physical Layer

Receives, encodes, and sends data over the network.

Bandwidth

The capacity of a medium to carry data.

Latency

The time delay for data to travel.

Throughput

The measure of bits transferred over time.

Goodput

Usable data transferred over time.

Copper Cabling

Cheapest, most commonly used cabling

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

The most common and cheapest copper cabling.

Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

better noise protection than UTP but more expensive

Coaxial Cable

A cable with a copper conductor surrounded by insulation.

Fiber Optic Cables

High bandwidth cables immune to EMI and RFI.

Single-mode Fiber

Fiber with a small core for long-distance transmission.

Multimode Fiber

Fiber with a larger core for shorter distances.

Aux Console Access

Connection over telephone call

Enter user EXEC mode

enable command

Line Configuration Mode

Used to configure console, SSH, Telnet, or Aux access

Interface Configuration Mode

Used to configure a switch port or router interface.

Square Brackets in IOS Commands [x]

Optional

Braces in IOS commands {x}

Required

Return to Command Keystroke (command interruption)

CTRL + R

Secure Console Access (and VTY)

In global configuration mode (layer 3), use “password _______”

Secure Privileged Mode Access Command

In privileged mode (Layer 2), enable secret _______

Encrypt Passwords Command

In privileged mode (Layer 2), service password-encryption. Use show running-config to ensure the passwords are now encrypted

Internet Society (ISOC)

Responsible for promoting the open development and evolution of internet use

Internet Architecture Board (IAB)

Responsible for the overall management and development of internet standards

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

Develops, updates, and maintains internet and TCP/IP. Includes developing new protocols and updating existing ones.

Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)

Focused on long-term research related to the internet including the Anti-Spam Research Group (ASRG), Crypto Forum Research Group (CFRG) and P2P Research Group (P2PRG)

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

Coordinates IP address allocation, the management of domains, and assignment of other information used in TCP/IP protocols.

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

Responsible for overseeing and managing IP address allocation, domain name management and protocol identifiers for the other organization that actually does it.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Organization of electrical engineering and electronics dedicated to advancing innovation and creating standards in a wide are of industries. Made important standards such as the 802.3 Ethernet standard and 802.11 WLAN standard.

Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA)

Organization best known for its standards relation to electrical wiring, connectors, and the 19-inch racks for networking equipment.

Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)

Organization responsible for developing communication standards in a variety of areas including radio equipment, cell towers, VoIP, satellite communications, and more.

International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T)

One of the largest and oldest communications standards organizations. Defines standards for video compression, IPTV, and broadband communications such as DSL.