CAT11-Study-Guide-v3

Algorithm

A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a computation.

Data Structure

A way of organizing and storing data so that it can be accessed and modified efficiently.

Database

An organized collection of data, typically stored and accessed electronically.

Encryption

The process of converting information or data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.

Firewall

A network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic.

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language, the standard markup language for creating web pages.

IP Address

Internet Protocol Address, a unique address that identifies a device on the internet.

JavaScript

A programming language used to create interactive effects within web browsers.

Malware

Malicious software designed to harm or exploit any programmable device or network.

Operating System

The software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks and controlling peripherals.

Phishing

A type of online scam where attackers impersonate legitimate organizations to steal sensitive information.

Protocol

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Server

A computer or system that provides data, resources, or services to other computers, known as clients.

Software

A collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work.

Spam

Unwanted or irrelevant messages, often sent over email or other digital communication platforms.

URL

Uniform Resource Locator, the address of a resource on the internet.

Virtual Machine

A software emulation of a physical computer that allows multiple operating systems to run on a single hardware platform.

Wi-Fi

A technology that allows electronic devices to connect to a wireless LAN network.

XML

Extensible Markup Language, a markup language that defines rules for encoding documents in a format readable by both humans and machines.

Backup

A copy of data stored separately to prevent data loss in case of system failure.