Summary of History of Fashion

These flashcards cover a range of key vocabulary terms and concepts related to fashion history from 1840 to 1980, providing definitions for studying.

Horsehair crinoline

A structured type of fabric made with horsehair, popular in women's fashion for creating volume in skirts during the mid-19th century.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

A group of English painters, poets, and critics founded in 1848, aiming to reform art by rejecting the academic standards of their time.

Second Empire

Refers to the regime of Napoleon III in France from 1852 to 1870; characterized by industrial expansion and cultural development.

Singer machine

A sewing machine launched by the Singer Company in 1851, significantly impacting garment production.

Great Exhibition

A showcase of industrial achievements held in London in 1851, marking the height of the Industrial Revolution.

Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co.

A design company founded in 1861 by William Morris and his associates, known for its craftsmanship and dedication to the Arts and Crafts Movement.

Tournure

A type of formal dress structure used in the late 19th century to support and shape women's skirts.

Impressionist exhibition

The first exhibition of Impressionist artists held in Paris in 1874, which featured groundbreaking works that would redefine art.

The Rational Dress Society

An organization established in 1881 advocating for practical and healthy women's clothing as opposed to restrictive fashion.

Wien Secession

A movement founded in 1897 by artists including Gustav Klimt, promoting modern art in Vienna.

Cubism

An artistic movement initiated by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in the early 20th century, characterized by fragmented and abstract forms.

Bauhaus

A revolutionary school of art and design established in 1919 in Weimar, Germany, known for its approach to modern design, architecture, and craft.

Zoot suit

A flamboyant suit style popular during the 1940s characterized by high-waisted trousers and long coats, associated with jazz culture.

Utility Fashion

A style of fashion introduced in the UK during World War II, emphasizing practicality and rationed supplies.

New Look

A term coined in 1947 referring to Christian Dior's post-war fashion collection that emphasized a more feminine silhouette.

Beat generation

A literary movement in the 1950s characterized by a rejection of conventional values, embracing spontaneity, and exploring jazz and existentialism.

Swinging London

A cultural movement in the 1960s associated with fashion, music, and youth culture in London promoting freedom and creativity.

Punk fashion

A style that emerged in the 1970s as a form of rebellion, featuring ripped clothing, leather jackets, and bold hairstyles.

Pop Art

An art movement that emerged in the late 1950s and 1960s, characterized by the use of images from popular culture and mass media.

Fashionable Silhouette

The outline or shape of women's clothing that defines the overall style, often changing with trends over time.

Art Deco

An artistic movement that emerged in the 1920s characterized by bold geometric patterns and vibrant colors in design and architecture.

Retro Fashion

Style that draws inspiration from past fashion trends, often used to evoke nostalgia and reinterpret vintage looks.

Minimalism

An art and design movement that emphasizes simplicity, using minimal elements to create a clean and uncluttered aesthetic.

Sustainable Fashion

A movement within the fashion industry aimed at promoting environmentally friendly practices and ethical labor conditions.

Fashion Illustration

The art of sketching clothing and fashion design, often used in fashion magazines and showrooms to present styles and ideas.

Streetwear

A casual fashion style that emerged from urban culture, characterized by trendy designs and often influenced by skateboarding and hip-hop.

Gothic Fashion

A style characterized by dark clothing, dramatic makeup, and accessories, reflecting a subculture that embraces darker aesthetics.

Futurism in Fashion

A movement that integrates designs inspired by modern technology, innovation, and futuristic themes in clothing and accessories.

Fast Fashion

A business model that focuses on rapidly producing trendy clothing to meet consumer demand, often criticized for its environmental impact.