present indicative

THIS INFO FROM GCSE SPANISH GRAMMAR BOOKLET IN FOLDER

what is present indicative used to talk about

• what u are doing now

• what u do regularly

• what things are like

e.g. I am doing my homework/ On Saturdays I go to the swimming pool/ Greece is beautiful

forming present indicative

o as a amos áis an

o es e emos éis en

o es e imos ís en

what are common irregulars in the present tense indicative

• hacer (to do)

• ser (to be - state)

• tener (to have)

• ir (to go)

• estar (to be - place)

• salir (to go out)

hacer (to do) conjugation present tense indicative

• hago

• haces

• hace

• hacemos

• hacéis

• hacen

ser (to be - state) conjugation present tense indicative

• soy

• eres

• es

• somos

• sois

• son

tener (to have) conjugation present tense indicative

• tengo

• tienes

• tiene

• tenemos

• tenéis

• tienen

ir (to go) conjugation present tense indicative

• voy

• vas

• va

• vamos

• vais

• van

estar (to be - place) conjugation present tense indicative

• estoy

• estás

• está

• estamos

• estáis

• están

salir (to go out) conjugation present tense indicative

• salgo

• sales

• sale

• salimos

• salís

• salen

what is the polite/formal form of “you” (applies to all tenses)

usted

querer

quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren

cerrar to close

e-i

• Cierro - I close.

• Cierras - you close.

• Cierra - he/she closes.

• Cerramos - we close.

• Cerráis - you close.

• Cierran - they close

comenzar - to start

• Comienzo - I start.

• Comienzas - you start.

• Comienza - he/she starts.

• Comenzamos - we start.

• Comenzáis - you start.

• Comienzan - they start.

empezar - to begin

• Empiezo - I begin.

• Empiezas - you begin.

• Empieza - he/she begins.

• Empezamos - we begin.

• Empezáis - you begin.

• Empiezan - they begin

pensar to think

Pienso - I think.

• Piensas - you think.

• Piensa - he/she thinks.

• Pensamos - we think.

• Pensáis - you think.

• Piensan - they think

nevar/helar

-nieva/hiela (it snows/it freezes) - both only used in 3rd person sing

what other verbs are also e-i (apart from vosotros and nosotros)

• Merendar - to have a snack, to have a picnic.

• Recomendar - to recommend.

• Sentarse - to sit.

• Negar - to deny.

what verbs change o-ue (apart from nosotros and vosotros)

• sonar - to dream

• encontrar - to find

• aprobar - to approve

• costar - to be difficult, cost

• mostrar - to show

• volar - to fly

• recordar - to remember

• colgar - to put

• almorzar - to have lunch

• encontrar - to find

• probar - to try/taste

• acordar - to agree on

• contar - to count/tell

dar - to give

changes only in first person to doy, then after works like regular AR

esquiar

• Esquío - I ski.

• Esquías - you ski.

• Esquía - he/she skis.

• Esquiamos - we ski.

• Esquiáis - you ski.

• Esquían - they ski

confiar - to trust

Confío - I trust.

• Confías - you trust.

• Confía - he/she trusts.

• Confiamos - we trust.

• Confiáis - you trust.

• Confían - they trust.

Continuar - to continue

• Continúo - I continue.

• Continúas - you continue.

• Continúa - he/she continue.

• Continuamos - we continue.

• Continuáis - you continue.

• Continúan - they continue.