Cellular Organelles

What is the function of the cytosol?

It is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm where many metabolic reactions occur and molecules are transported within the cell.

What is the function of the rough ER?

It synthesizes and processes proteins, especially those for secretion or insertion into membranes.

What is the function of centrioles?

They organize microtubules, help form the mitotic spindle during cell division, and assist in forming cilia and flagella.

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

It includes the cytosol and organelles, serving as the site where most cellular activities occur.

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

It acts as a selective barrier, regulating entry and exit of substances, and aids in cell communication.

What is the function of mitochondria?

They produce ATP through cellular respiration, powering the cell.

What is the function of the nucleus?

It stores genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities such as growth, metabolism, and protein synthesis.

What is the function of nuclear pores?

They regulate transport of molecules (like RNA and proteins) between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

What is the function of ribosomes?

They are the sites of protein synthesis, either free in the cytosol or attached to the rough ER.

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

It is a double membrane that encloses the nucleus and separates it from the cytoplasm.

What is the function of chromatin?

It consists of DNA wrapped around histones, carrying genetic instructions in either condensed or uncondensed form.

What is the function of the smooth ER?

It synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, detoxifies drugs, and stores calcium ions.

What is the function of the nucleolus?

It synthesizes rRNA and assembles ribosome subunits inside the nucleus.