4.1-4.3 Symbols, equations and Formulae 

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14 Terms

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H2
________ has two hydrogen atoms, while HCl contains one hydrogen atom and one chlorine atom.
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Group IV
Carbon, for example, belongs to ________, which means that a single carbon atom can form four single bonds or two double bonds.
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concept of valency
The ________ is utilized to deduce compound formulas.
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A compound contains 3 carbon atoms and 8 hydrogen atoms. Write the chemical formula of this compound
C3H8
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What is the chemical formula of sodium oxide, formed from Na+ and O2- ions?
Na2O
Charges must balance so 2 sodium ions are required.
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What are the state symbols used in chemical equations?
(g) - gas
(aq) - aqueous (l) - liquid
(s) - solid
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What is an ionic equation?
Ionic equations only show the reacting ions and can be written for any reaction involving ions in solution.
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What does the term relative formula mass mean?
The sum of the relative atomic masses of atoms in a formula unit. Used for giant ionic structures.
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Define the mole
The amount of any substance containing the same number of particles as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12 (6.02 x 1023 particles).
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Define the Avogadro constant (extended only)
The number of particles in one mole of a
substance. This is 6.02 x 1023 particles
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What is the equation that relates moles with the Avogadro constant?
Number of particles/atoms/ions = moles x Avogadro’s constant
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What is the molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure?
24 dm3
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What is RTP? (extended only)
Room temperature and pressure:
- 20oC
- 1 atmosphere
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What equation links molar volume at RTP and moles?
Volume of gas at RTP (dm3) = moles x 24