BS1001 Mitosis and Meiosis

What is the chemical composition of chromosomes

40% DNA, 60% Protein

What is a somatic cell

non-reproductive cells

Who recorded mitosis for the first time in 1863

Walther Fleming

How long is the cell cycle in animal cells typically 

8-20 hours 

In what phase of the cell cycle do cells spend most of their time

Interphase

What happens in G1 of interphase

Growth, organelle replication and normal metabolism

What happens in S of interphase

DNA replication and histone production

What happens in G2 of interphase

Chromosomes coil (package), protein synthesis, microtubule/spindle fibers form, prep for division

What is a histone

Histones are proteins that package DNA into chromatin

What is the centromere?

the region of DNA that holds sister chromatids together

What is a kinetochore

the protein complex that forms on the centromere and acts as the attachment site for spindle fibers

How does cytokinesis occur in an animal cell?

the cell cleaves into 2

How does cytokinesis occur in a plant cell?

cell plate separates at daughter cells

How does cytokinesis occur in a animal cell?

cleavage furrow separates daughter cells

When does chromosome duplication occur?

S phase of interphase

What happens when the nuclear envelope breaks down

Chromosomes are no longer contained in the nucleus

When does crossing over become visable?

A1

Where does crossing over occur

P1